Ntawm 20 degree, ib qho MBBR system nitrifies effortlessly. Ntawm 10 degree, tib lub cev poob ib nrab ntawm nws tus nqi nitrification. Ntawm 5 degree, feem ntau cov tshuab ua tsis tiav.Yog tias koj cov nroj tsuag nyob rau sab qaum teb huab cua, ntawm qhov siab siab, lossis tsuas yog ntsib cov caij ntuj no txias, koj tsis tuaj yeem tsim MBBR siv qhov sov sov - huab cua kev xav. Cov kab lus no tau sib sau ua ke 15 xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog qhov ua tau zoo: cov tswv yim microbial twg muaj txoj sia nyob rau qhov txias, uas cov cab kuj txhim kho kom ntsuas tau qhov kev ua tau zoo, thiab yuav ua li cas kho koj cov txheej txheem tsis ua kom lub cev tshem tawm ammonia thaum tus pas ntsuas kub poob. Tsis muaj kev kawm jargon. Tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv hais li cas - thiab koj tuaj yeem ua li cas txog nws.
1. Yuav ua li cas rau MBBR thaum kub poob
Kub tsis yog "Ib qho Parameter" xwb - Nws yog Biological Off-Switch
Nitrifying kab mob - cov workhorses uas hloov ammonia rau nitrate - yogautotrophic kab mob nrog lub voj voog ntevthiab mob rhiab heev rau qhov kub thiab txias. Lawv qhov kev loj hlob zoo tshaj plaws yog 20-35 degree. Sab nraum lub qhov rais no, ob yam tshwm sim ib txhij nyob rau hauv lub cellular theem: lub fluidity ntawm lub cell membrane txo, slowing substrate thauj nyob rau hauv lub membrane phab ntsa, thiab enzyme catalytic kev ua tsis muaj zog, txo tus nqi ntawm txhua txhua metabolic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub cell. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias poob qis dua qhov chaw khov cytoplasm, cov dej khov nab kuab tsim thiab ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj rau cov qauv ntawm tes.
Qhov ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam yog stark. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm MBBR biofilm qhia tau hais tias ntawm 10 degree, ammonia oxidation kev ua haujlwm yogtsuas yog 55% ntawm tus nqi ntawm 20 degree, thiab nitrite oxidation kev ua ub no poob rau 56%. Ua kom cov sludge nqi ntau dua: ammonia nitrification tus nqi ntawm 8℃tsuas yog48.5% ntawm lub caij ntuj sov tus nqintawm 20 degree. Thiab qhov no tsis yog ib qho teeb meem kev ua si xwb - nws kuj yog teeb meem pej xeem. Ntev -lub sij hawm qis kub txo qhovtus lej kiagnitrifying kab mob nyob rau hauv lub system. Cov kab mob tsis yog qeeb qeeb; lawv tuag.
MBBR muaj ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo dua li cov activated sludge nyob rau hauv txias txias: lub biofilm muab kev tiv thaiv micro- ib puag ncig. Cov neeg nqa khoom khaws cia biomass nrog lub sijhawm ntev uas yuav raug ntxuav tawm ntawm kev ncua - kev loj hlob. Qhov no yog vim li cas MBBR yog cov txheej txheem lom neeg nyiam rau qis -kev siv kub - biofilm architecture inherently buffers tiv thaiv qhov kub thiab txias. Tab sis "zoo dua li activated sludge ntawm 10 degree" tsis zoo ib yam li "zoo txaus kom tau raws li koj daim ntawv tso cai." Koj tseem yuav tau tsim kom txias.
2. Cov tswv yim Microbial: Ua haujlwm nrog qhov txias, tsis tiv thaiv nws
Cov teeb meem kev sib tw: Vim li cas Heterotrophs coj mus rau lub caij ntuj no
Nitrifying kab mob (autotrophs) thiab cov kab mob heterotrophic uas degrade organic teeb meem sib tw rau qhov chaw, oxygen, thiab cov as-ham hauv biofilm. Hauv dej sov, qhov kev sib tw no yog tswj tau. Hauv dej txias, nws dhau los ua teeb meem. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm 4℃pom tias MBBR khaws qee qhov muaj peev xwm nitrification - tab sisKev loj hlob ntau dhau ntawm heterotrophic microorganisms txo qhov tseeb nitrification tus nqizoo hauv qab nws qhov siab tshaj plaws theoretical. Cov heterotrophs tsuas yog tawm - sib tw txias -tshuaj nitrifiers rau cov peev txheej.
Qhov kev sib tw no hnyav tshaj plaws hauv ib qho -theem MBBR systems, qhov twg carbon tshem tawm thiab nitrification tshwm sim hauv tib lub reactor. Cov heterotrophs muaj kev loj hlob sai dua thiab ntau dua substrate affinity ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab lawv tswj cov txheej txheej biofilm sab nraud - raws nraim qhov muaj oxygen. Cov nitrifiers tau raug thawb mus rau oxygen- thaj tsam txwv kom tob dua hauv biofilm, thiab lawv cov dej num poob.
Lub tswv yim 1: Txias-Acclimated Biofilm Los ntawm Kev txo qis qis
Txoj hauv kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kom txias - biomass ua siab ntev yognce acclimation. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem MBBR reactors nrog kev txo qis qis: 25℃→ 20℃→ 15℃→ 10℃→ 6℃→ 5℃. Ntawm txhua kauj ruam, biofilm tau muab sijhawm los hloov kho ua ntej kev txo qis tom ntej. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia qee yam tseem ceeb:cov neeg nqa khoom sib txawv xaiv rau cov zej zog sib txawv microbial. Ntawm 5 degree, ib lub reactor tau ua tiav cov kab mob psychrophilic (txias-hlub) nitrifying kab mob uas tswj kev kho mob. Lwm ob lub reactors, siv cov cab kuj sib txawv, pom muaj nitrogen ntau ntau- kho cov kab mob - cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev tshem tawm nitrogen.
Zaj lus qhia:Kev xaiv tus cab kuj tseem ceeb rau qhov txias - huab cua microbial zej zog kev loj hlob. Ib tus neeg nqa khoom uas ua haujlwm zoo ntawm 20℃yuav tsis xaiv rau cov kab mob zoo ntawm 5 degree. Yog tias koj cia siab tias yuav txias- huab cua ua haujlwm, kuaj cov neeg nqa khoom nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej txias ua ntej cog lus rau tag nrho - qauv tsim.
Lub tswv yim 2: Bioaugmentation nrog Txias -Sludge Tolerant
Ntxiv cov activated sludge uas muaj cov kab mob psychrotolerant (txias- ua siab ntev) cov kab mob rau cov kab mob MBBR tau pom tias yuav ua kom pib- nce, ua kom cov kab mob biofilm ceev, thiab txhim kho kev kho mob hauv lub caij ntuj no. Lub tswv yim ua haujlwm vim tias qhov ua kom txias txias- cov kab mob hloov pauv tau ua rau cov neeg nqa khoom ua ntej, tsim kom muaj lub zej zog biofilm uas twb tau ua kom zoo rau qhov kub qis ua ntej lub caij txias pib.
Rau cov nroj tsuag hauv cheeb tsam nrog lub caij txias, lub sijhawm tseem ceeb:qhia qhov txias- cov noob qoob loo uas muaj peev xwm nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, thaum dej kub tseem nyob saum 15 degree. Qhov no muab lub sijhawm rau lub zej zog psychrotolerant tsim los ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom ua ntej qhov kub thiab txias poob qis dua qhov pib uas cov kab mob mesophilic nres kev sib tw zoo.
Lub tswv yim 3: TSIS TAU-Mediated Anammox Acceleration
Ib qho kev tshawb pom tshiab uas muaj peev xwm ua tau: ntxiv nitric oxide (NO) rau MBBR system kho siab - ammonia khib nyiab (740 mg / L NH₃-N)tseem ceeb ceev cov txheej txheem anmmoxntawm qhov kub thiab txias. TSIS TAU, nrog rau cov tsiaj nruab nrab xws li N₂H₄ thiab NH₂OH, txhawb nqa cov kab mob anmmox thiab txo cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm nitrite (NO₂⁻) ntawm cov kab mob no. Thaum lub sij hawm sim, qhov ntau ntawm ammonia- cov kab mob oxidising tau nce proportionally. Qhov no tseem yog cov txheej txheem siab heev - tseem tsis tau ua qauv coj ua - tab sis nws taw qhia rau yav tom ntej uas cov tshuaj ntxiv tuaj yeem tswj tau txias - huab cua nitrification yam tsis muaj cua sov tag nrho lub tank.
3. Kev Txhim Kho Cov Neeg Siv Khoom: Thaum Standard Media tsis txaus
Standard MBBR cov neeg nqa khoom - HDPE, PE, lossis PP - muab qhov chaw rau biofilm txuas. Thaum sov sov, qhov ntawd txaus. Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tus nqi biofilm tsim qeeb qeeb heev. Lub sijhawm pib- nce mus txog ntawm lub lis piam mus rau hli. Lub biofilm uas ua daim ntawv yog thinner, tsis muaj zog, thiab yooj yim dua sheared los ntawm aeration turbulence.Carrier li technologieshais txog qhov no los ntawm kev hloov kho cov cab kuj kom nquag txhawb nqa sai, muaj zog biofilm txuas rau hauv cov mob khaub thuas.
Magnetic Carriers: Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws Txias- Kev Txhim Kho Huab Cua
Magnetic carrier technology embeds magnetic hmoov (feem ntau Nd₂Fe₁₄B) rau hauv cov khoom thauj nrog rau saum npoo - hloov cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo li polyquaternium. Raws li cov hlau nplaum tsis muaj zog, ntau lub tswv yim ua haujlwm ib txhij: cov pa phem hauv cov khoom siv los ntawm cov khoom sib nqus polymerization thiab adsorption (los ntawm kev sib nqus quab yuam, Lorentz force, thiab magneto- cov teebmeem colloidal), kev siv cov pa oxygen los ntawm cov kab mob ua kom muaj zog, kev ua haujlwm enzyme yog txhawb, thiab cell membrane permeability txhim kho.
Qhov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo sib txawv yog qhov tseem ceeb. Hauv kev sib piv ntawm cov khoom sib nqus sib nqus piv rau cov qauv coj mus muag ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom sib nqus ua tiav:
| # | Performance Metric | Magnetic Carriers vs Standard Carriers |
| 1 | Kev ua haujlwm ntawm nitrification | Tseem ceeb dua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias |
| 2 | EPS (extracellular polymeric tshuaj) tso tawm | Txhawb nqa - EPS tswj cov qauv biofilm thiab tiv thaiv cov hlwb los ntawm kev ntxhov siab |
| 3 | Biofilm morphology thiab qauv | Khaws thiab txhim kho - tuab dua, zoo ib yam, zoo dua txuas |
| 4 | Ammonia-cov kab mob oxidising ntau | 1.82 × siabtshaj tus qauv nqa khoom |
| 5 | Nitrite-cov kab mob oxidising ntau | 1.05 × siabtshaj tus qauv nqa khoom |
| 6 | Cim nitrifying kab mob enrichment | Ob hom kab mob nitrifying tau acclimated thiab enriched uas tsis muaj nyob rau hauv tus qauv nqa khoom |
Nto-Modified and Alternative Material Carriers
Tshaj li kev thauj khoom sib nqus, ob peb lwm txoj hauv kev txhim kho cov neeg nqa khoom tau ua kom pom kev txias - huab cua kev ua tau zoo hauv tag nrho - ntsuas ntsuas:
Nano- tshem tawm cov fillers.Ntawm 10–12℃, nano- hloov kho cov neeg nqa khoom tau ua tiav biofilm tsim nyob rau hauv kwv yees li18 hnub- luv dua li cov neeg nqa khoom ib txwm siv - nrog tus nqi qis COD tshem tawm ntawm kwv yees li 75%. Lub nano- kev hloov kho saum npoo zoo nkaus li ua kom nrawm cov kab mob microbial txuas ntxiv, uas yog tus nqi - txwv cov kauj ruam hauv txias - dej biofilm kev loj hlob.
High -hydrophilicity alloy honeycomb cab kuj.Ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hydrophilic siab heev -molecular alloy cov ntaub ntawv, cov cab kuj tau txhim kho qhov txuas ntawm qhov chaw- cov kab mob nquag thiab txhim kho MBBR kev kho mob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv thawj cov dej xau tank effluent.
Polyurethane ua npuas ncauj nrog immobilized txias- cov kab mob ua kom ntev.Mos polyurethane ua npuas ncauj nrog lub qhov dej -tsim pore qauv tau siv los immobilize ua tau zoo txias- cov kab mob uas muaj peev xwm raug rho tawm los ntawm cov activated sludge. Thaum tsis kub, qhov system ua tiav82% COD tshem tawm thiab 92% BOD tshem tawm- kev ua tau zoo uas cov neeg nqa khoom txheem tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li cov xwm txheej qub.
PVA gel nqa.Polyvinyl cawv (PVA) gel cov neeg nqa khoom inoculated nrog heterotrophic nitrification-cov kab mob aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) tau raug kuaj los ua ib qho kev hloov rau cov activated sludge hauv cov tsiaj txhu kho cov dej khib nyiab. Cov qauv porous PVA gel muab kev tiv thaiv lub cev rau cov kab mob, xa cov kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov dua li cov neeg nqa khoom. Kev tshuaj xyuas microbial tau lees paub tias PVA gel cov neeg nqa khoom txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm ob qho tib si autotrophic nitrifiers thiab HN- AD cov kab mob (Paracoccus thiab Acinetobacter). Hom kab no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov dej khib nyiab nrog qhov sib txawv C / N piv, qhov twg HN- AD cov kab mob tuaj yeem hloov txoj hauv kev metabolic raws li cov pa roj carbon.
4. Txheej txheem tswj: Peb lub levers uas ua kom txias MBBR khiav
Carrier thiab microbial tswv yim teeb lub qab nthab. Cov txheej txheem tswj xyuas seb koj nyob ze npaum li cas. Peb qhov tsis muaj qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm qhov txias - huab cua MBBR kev ua tau zoo:
Dissolved Oxygen: Qhov ratio tseem ceeb dua li tus nqi tsis txaus
Cov lus pom zoo yog "tseem 2-4 mg / L DO rau nitrification." Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qhov no tsis txaus. Kev tshawb fawb tau txheeb xyuas cov tswv yim tswj kom meej dua:tuav qhov sib piv tas li ntawm DO rau tag nrho ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration. Thaum qhov piv txwv no tau khaws cia ntawm lossis qis dua 0.17, cov txheej txheem nitrification tseem nyob ruaj khov txawm nyob ntawm6 degree. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tswj hwm lub tswv yim los ntawm qhov ruaj khov -DO txoj hauv kev siv hauv sov- huab cua ua haujlwm.
Kev siv tswv yim: nruab online ammonia analyzers nrog rau DO probes. Thaum ammonia concentration hloov (seasonal variation, diurnal load fluctuation), DO setpoint yuav tsum hloov nrog nws - tsis nyob ruaj ntawm 2 mg/L. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, lub kaw lus xav tau cov pa oxygen ntau dua rau ib chav tsev ntawm ammonia kom kov yeej cov enzyme txo qis.
Aeration zoo kuj tseem ceeb. Kev sib xyaw aeration tau siv ua tiav kom ua tiav nitrification ntawm 10℃hauv kev kho mob anaerobically ua ntej-kho cov khib nyiab hauv chav ua noj thiab dej dub. Kaw aeration tshuab tau siv hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm biofilm tsim, ua tiav95.5% COD tshem tawm thiab 91% ammonia tshem tawm.
C/N ratio: Lub pob qhov rooj uas tswj cov Heterotroph-Nitrifier Balance
Cov pa roj carbon-rau-nitrogen piv yog tus thawj tswj qib rau kev sib tw ntawm heterotrophs thiab nitrifiers. Ntawm C / N piv ntawm 4 thiab 15, COD tshem tawm cov nqi nyob siab tshaj 90% - cov heterotrophs tau zoo- noj thiab ua tau zoo. Tab sis thaum C / N poob rau 1, COD tshem tawm poob. Meanwhile, ammonia tshem tawm ua raws li tus qauv inverse: nwsnce ces txoraws li C / N ntog, vim hais tias cov pa roj carbon monoxide txwv tsis pub muaj kev sib tw heterotrophic yam tsis muaj kev tshaib kev nqhis ntawm cov pa roj carbon uas xav tau rau denitrification.
Rau qhov txias - huab cua MBBR kho cov dej khib nyiab hauv nroog, qhov chaw ua haujlwm qab zib zoo liC/N ntawm 4–8- tsawg txaus los txwv heterotrophic overgrowth uas yuav txwv tsis pub smother nitrifiers, tab sis siab txaus los txhawb cov kauj ruam denitrification. Rau mariculture khib nyiab, kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tiastxo C/Ntiag tiag txhim kho ob qho tib si COD thiab ammonia tshem tawm - ib lub txee- qhov kev tshawb pom zoo uas qhia txog qhov yuav tsum tau kho qhov ntsuas no rau txhua qhov dej khib nyiab.
Lub Sijhawm Hydraulic Retention: Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws txias - Huab Cua Kho
Yog tias muaj ib qho kev hloov kho ua haujlwm uas ua rau muaj qhov txias txias - huab cua MBBR kev ua haujlwm thoob plaws txhua hom dej khib nyiab, nws yogncua sijhawm hydraulic tuav. Ntawm 5 degree, txo HRT ua rau poob qis hauv kev tshem tawm cov pa phem. Kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua liaj ua teb uas tsis yog - cov ntsiab lus kev ua qias tuaj pom tias8 teev yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus HRTlos xyuas kom meej denitrification ntawm nitrate rau nitrogen gas ntawm 5 degree.
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm HRT thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis yog linear. Cov tshuab sib txawv qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm HRT qhov tseem ceeb: 6 teev rau daim txhuam cev -cov neeg nqa khoom hauv ib txoj kev tshawb fawb, 24 teev rau MBBR kho cov pa phem ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv lwm qhov. Hauv tag nrho - nplai DE oxidation ditch + MBBR ua ke txheej txheem, txo HRT los ntawm 15.4 mus rau 11.0 teev ua rau maj mam txo qis hauv kev tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig - tab sis cov dej ntws tseem ua tau raws li cov hom phiaj zoo, ua kom pom MBBR qhov kev poob siab tuaj yeem ua rau -load tiv thaiv txawm tias nyob rau hauv txias txias.
Txoj cai siv tau:tsim rau lub caij ntuj no HRT, tsis yog lub caij ntuj sov HRT. Yog tias koj daim ntawv tso cai yuav tsum tau ua raws li xyoo -ib puag ncig, lub caij ntuj no hais txog lub tank ntim. Ntau cov nroj tsuag ua haujlwm nrog ntau lub peev xwm nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov kom muaj sia nyob rau lub caij ntuj no - thiab MBBR qhov xwm txheej ua rau qhov kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo vim tias tus cab kuj tuaj yeem hloov kho raws caij nyoog.
Kev sib xyaw ua ke: Ob-theem thiab Ntau-Point Systems
Thaum ib qho -theem MBBR tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov txias- huab cua lub hom phiaj, cov txheej txheem ua ke yog kauj ruam tom ntej. Ob peb configurations tau validated ntawm tag nrho cov scale:
| Kev sib xyaw ua ke | Kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias | Zoo tshaj rau |
| Ob -theem A/O-MBBR | Muaj zog cuam tshuam tsis kam, qhov kub thiab txias adaptability, ruaj khov ua haujlwm ntawm dej kub thiab tsis tshua muaj siab concentration | Cov dej khib nyiab hauv nroog nrog lub caij ntuj sov hloov pauv |
| UAS + MBBR | 92% COD, 99% BOD, 65-70% nitrogen tshem tawm ntawm cov dej khib nyiab ntawm qhov kub tsawg | Siab - muaj zog muaj dej khib nyiab |
| Hloov kho Bardenpho-MBBR + magnetic sedimentation | Stable effluent zoo ntawm8.7 degree- multi-point influent, ntau-point recirculation, optimized carbon qhov chaw dosing | Cov nroj tsuag xav tau kev tshem tawm N thiab P ib txhij ntawm qhov kub thiab txias |
5. Txias -Weather MBBR Action Cheat Sheet
Siv qhov ntsuas kub no -qib kev siv los npaj koj qhov txias- huab cua MBBR lub tswv yim. Txhua qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev cuam tshuam:
| Kub | Yuav ua li cas | Yuav Ua Li Cas |
| 15-20 ° C | Kev ntxhov siab me ntsis. Nitrification tus nqi pib poob. cheeb tsam ceeb toom ntxov. | Pib saib xyuas DO:TAN piv (lub hom phiaj Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.17). Pib maj mam HRT txuas ntxiv. Xav txog lub caij nplooj zeeg bioaugmentation nrog txias -cov noob sludge siab ntev yog tias tsis tau ua tiav. |
| 10-15 ° C | Nitrifiers tseem ceeb heev. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm ~ 55% ntawm 20℃tus nqi. Kev sib tw Heterotroph intensifies. | Nce DO proportionally rau ammonia load (tsis tas setpoint). Txo C / N rau 4-8 ntau yam txhawm rau txo qis heterotrophic overgrowth. Txuas HRT los ntawm 30-50% vs lub caij ntuj sov ua haujlwm. Xav txog kev sib cuam tshuam aeration tswv yim. |
| 5-10 degree | Muaj zog nitrification inhibition. Cov neeg nqa khoom txheem yuav poob 50% + ntawm nitrification muaj peev xwm. Biofilm tsim ntawm cov nqa khoom tshiab qeeb heev. | Hloov mus rau cov neeg nqa khoom txhim kho yog tias muaj (sib nqus lossis nto- hloov kho). Txuas HRT kom tsawg kawg yog 8 teev, qhov zoo tshaj 24 teev rau tag nrho nitrification. Txheeb xyuas C/N < 8. Yog tias tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li kev ua raws cai, ntsuas ob -theem A/O-MBBR lossis Bardenpho-MBBR txheej txheem ua ke. Xav txog tshuaj ntxiv (Tsis muaj koob tshuaj rau cov tshuaj ammox acceleration hauv siab -ammonia khib nyiab). |
| < 5°C | Tseem ceeb. Nitrification tuaj yeem tso tseg tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Ice crystal formation txaus ntshai. Tsuas yog cov kab mob psychrophilic tseem ua haujlwm. | Tsim - theem kev txiav txim siab yog qhov tseem ceeb - koj tsis tuaj yeem rov kho koj txoj kev tawm ntawm<5°C operation.Los ntawm kev tsim: txias-acclimated biofilm los ntawm kev txo qis qis; sib nqus los yog PVA gel nqa; ob- theem txheej txheem ua ke; tank rwb thaiv tsev los yog nyob hauv tsev. Los ntawm kev ua haujlwm: qhov siab tshaj plaws HRT txuas ntxiv; DO:TAN piv-raws li kev tswj; xav txog kev noj tshuaj ib ntus rau kev tso cai ua raws li lub lis piam txias tshaj plaws. |
Kab hauv qab: Tsim rau Lub Ib Hlis, Tsis yog Lub Xya Hli
MBBR muaj qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj qhov ua kom cov sludge nyob rau hauv txias - huab cua ua haujlwm - biofilm architecture khaws nitrifying biomass uas yuav ntxuav tawm ntawm kev ncua - kev loj hlob. Tab sis "inherent kom zoo dua" tsis zoo ib yam li "guaranteed raws." Kev tshawb fawb pom tseeb ntawm peb lub ntsiab lus:
1. Kev xaiv cov cab kuj tseem ceeb dua thaum lub caij txias.Standard HDPE cov cab kuj uas ua tau zoo ntawm 20℃yuav tsis xaiv rau psychrophilic nitrifying zej zog ntawm 5 degree. Yog tias txias - huab cua yuav tsum ua haujlwm, sim cov cab kuj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txias. Txhim kho cov cab kuj - sib nqus, nto- hloov kho, lossis lwm yam - khoom - qhia qhov ntsuas tau zoo uas ua rau pom tseeb lawv cov nqi hauv kev siv huab cua txias -.
2. Cov txheej txheem tswj yuav tsum tau hloov ntawm cov teeb tsa ruaj khov mus rau qhov sib piv-raws li kev tswj hwm.DO: TAN piv, tsis yog DO, yog qhov kev tswj xyuas uas ua rau nitrification ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. C / N piv kev tswj hwm tuaj yeem txwv kev sib tw heterotrophic. HRT txuas ntxiv yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, txhim khu kev qha txias txias -cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm huab cua - tsim lub tank ntim rau lub caij ntuj no.
3. Microbial zej zog engineering ua haujlwm, tab sis nws yuav siv sijhawm.Stepwise kub acclimation, lub caij nplooj zeeg bioaugmentation nrog txias -cov noob sludge, thiab cov cab kuj xaiv rau psychrophilic enrichment yog cov tswv yim uas yuav tsum tau siv.ua ntejlub caij txias pib. Lawv tsis yog kho thaum muaj xwm ceev. Npaj koj lub tswv yim txias - huab cua microbial lub yim hli ntuj, tsis yog lub Kaum Ob Hlis.
Juntai muab MBBR cov neeg nqa khoom - tus qauv HDPE thiab txhim kho cov qauv - nrog kev txhawb nqa engineering rau kev siv huab cua txias -. Xa peb koj cov yam ntxwv dej khib nyiab, lub caij ntuj no qhov kub thiab txias profile, thiab kev kho lub hom phiaj. Peb cov engineers xa rov qab cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom, sau tus lej suav, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim tshuaj xyuas hauv 24 teev. Pub dawb . 500+ kev teeb tsa thoob plaws 40+ lub teb chaws.
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