Taw qhia
Kev kho dej khib nyiab yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem. Kev sib xyaw kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau theem ntawm kev kho dej khib nyiab, ua kom pom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo, cov txheej txheem lom neeg, thiab kev ua haujlwm tag nrho. Cov khoom sib tov tau siv dav hauv cov chaw kho mob kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khib nyiab, tshuaj, thiab oxygen. Kab lus no qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab, lawv qhov cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, thiab ntau hom kev sib tov uas feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom sib tov hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab
Cov khoom sib xyaw ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntau hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab, txhua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho kom zoo dua qub thiab ua kom ntseeg tau qhov xav tau ntawm cov dej ntws zoo. Lawv lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem kev kho mob lom neeg, coagulation-flocculation, aeration, thiab sedimentation.
Txhim khu kev kho mob lom
Cov txheej txheem kev kho mob lom neeg, xws li cov tshuab ua kom cov sludge thiab Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBR), tso siab rau cov khoom sib xyaw kom tswj tau qhov kev ncua ntawm cov kab mob. Cov kab mob no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev rhuav tshem cov kab mob organic. Kev sib xyaw ua kom zoo ua kom cov kab mob sib npaug sib npaug thoob plaws hauv lub reactor, cia lawv cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv hauv cov dej khib nyiab. Yog tias tsis muaj kev sib xyaw kom txaus, cov kab mob microbial tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke lossis khom, txo lawv cov pa phem thiab ua rau cov txheej txheem kho mob qeeb.
Boosting Oxygen Transfer Efficiency
Aeration yog ib qho ntawm lub zog tshaj plaws - siv cov txheej txheem hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab, vim nws koom nrog kev muab cov pa oxygen los txhawb cov metabolism hauv aerobic microbial. Cov khoom sib tov txhim kho cov pa oxygen hloov pauv (OTR) los ntawm kev ua kom yooj yim rau kev sib cuag ntawm huab cua thiab dej. Los ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov pa npuas paug thoob plaws hauv lub tank kho, cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom cov pa oxygen xa mus rau cov kab mob zoo. Qhov no ua kom pom cov kab mob aerobic zoo thiab txhawb kev tawg ntawm cov organic teeb meem los ntawm cov kab mob aerobic.
Ua kom yooj yim faib tshuaj
Hauv ntau daim ntawv thov kev kho dej khib nyiab, cov tshuaj xws li coagulants, flocculants, thiab tshuaj tua kab mob tau ntxiv los txhim kho cov txheej txheem kho. Cov khoom sib tov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev faib cov tshuaj no sib npaug thoob plaws hauv lub tank kho. Hauv cov txheej txheem xws li coagulation thiab flocculation, kev sib xyaw kom zoo tso cai rau cov coagulants khi nrog cov khoom raug tshem tawm, tsim cov aggregates loj dua uas tuaj yeem yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm cov dej. Kev faib tawm cov tshuaj sib txawv ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no ua tau zoo, txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig kev kho mob.
Tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem
Hauv cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog cov khib nyiab tshem tawm, xws li cov tshuab ua kom cov sludge, cov khoom sib tov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv cov khib nyiab los ntawm kev nyob hauv qab ntawm lub tank. Yog tias cov khib nyiab nyob, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev raug cuam tshuam, vim tias cov kab mob tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv organic zoo. Cov khoom sib xyaw kom ntseeg tau tias cov khib nyiab tseem nyob hauv kev ncua, txhawb kev cuam tshuam txuas ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov pa phem, thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem kev kho mob lom neeg ua haujlwm ntawm nws lub peev xwm.
Hom Kev Sib Tw Hauv Kev Kho Dej Dej
Muaj ntau hom kev tov khoom siv hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab, txhua tus tsim kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb raws li hom kev kho, qhov loj ntawm lub tank, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej khib nyiab. Hauv qab no yog cov feem ntau siv mixers:
Mechanical Mixers
Mechanical mixers yog cov siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab. Cov khoom sib tov no siv cov hniav sib hloov los yog paddles los tsim lub zog shear uas txav dej thiab cov khib nyiab. Lawv feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv aeration tso tsheb hlau luam, chaw tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab roj ntsha reactors. Ob hom kev sib xyaw tshuab tshuab suav nrog:
Propeller Mixers: Cov khoom sib xyaw no muaj cov kiv cua tig los yog cov hniav uas tsim cov vortex muaj zog, nplawm cov kua thiab pab tswj cov khoom raug ncua. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau siab - ntim sib xyaw thiab feem ntau siv hauv cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog qhov tob tob.
Paddle Mixers: Paddle mixers siv cov hniav loj, tiaj tus uas tig maj mam maj mam sib xyaw cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub tank. Cov no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem uas yuav tsum muaj kev ntxhov siab maj mam los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom me me lossis kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam qee yam kev ua ub no.
Dav Hlau Mixers
Jet mixers siv siab - lub dav hlau siab ntawm cov kua los yog huab cua los ua kom muaj zog hauv lub tank. Cov mixers no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab tau nyob rau hauv loj tso tsheb hlau luam qhov twg mechanical mixers yuav tawm tsam kom ua tau raws li kev faib khoom. Jet mixers feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv aeration tso tsheb hlau luam thiab yuav ua tau ntau zog-ntau npaum li cas piv rau mechanical mixers nyob rau hauv tej yam kev siv. Lawv kuj yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev tuav cov khoom ncua kev kawm hauv cov kua dej loj.
Hydraulic Mixers
Hydraulic mixers cia siab rau cov dej ntws los tsim cov dej sib xyaw hauv lub tank. Cov khoom sib xyaw no feem ntau siv dej los yog cua los tsim cov qauv ntws uas ntws dej, tsim kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb. Hydraulic mixers muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov ntawv loj - nplai daim ntawv thov qhov siab - lub zog siv tshuab sib xyaw ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Lawv feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv thawj thiab theem nrab nyob rau hauv lub tank.
Aeration-Based Mixers
Cov mixers no muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm aeration thiab sib tov los ntawm kev qhia cua lossis oxygen ncaj qha rau hauv lub tank kho. Aeration mixers yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho dej khib nyiab uas tso siab rau cov txheej txheem aerobic lom. Los ntawm kev muab cov pa oxygen nyob rau tib lub sijhawm stirring cov dej, cov mixers pab optimize microbial kev ua ub no thiab txhawb kev hloov oxygen zoo dua, uas txhim kho tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev kho mob.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib xyaw kom zoo hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab
Txhim kho kev ua tau zoo
Kev sib xyaw kom zoo txhim kho cov txheej txheem kho tag nrho los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev sib faib ntawm cov kab mob, tshuaj, thiab oxygen thoob plaws hauv lub tank. Qhov no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo degradation ntawm cov organic teeb meem thiab txhim kho kev tshem tawm cov kab mob, thaum kawg ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua.
Kev txuag hluav taws xob
Cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom zoo pab txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev ua kom cov pa oxygen hloov pauv tau zoo, yog li txo qhov xav tau rau kev siv ntau dhau. Los ntawm kev txhim kho kev sib xyaw ua haujlwm, cov chaw kho mob tuaj yeem txo cov nqi khiav lag luam thiab txo lawv cov pa roj carbon monoxide, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev kho dej khib nyiab ntau dua.
Kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev sib haum xeeb
Kev sib xyaw ua ke kom ntseeg tau tias cov txheej txheem kho dej khib nyiab tseem ruaj khov thiab zoo ib yam. Kev faib tawm tsis tu ncua ntawm cov kab mob, cov khoom noj, thiab cov pa oxygen ua rau kev ua haujlwm tau zoo dua thiab txhim khu kev qha. Qhov kev ruaj ntseg no tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua kom tau raws li cov qauv kev tswj hwm thiab muab cov khoom zoo tshaj -.
Xaus
Mixers ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev kho dej khib nyiab. Los ntawm kev tswj xyuas qhov kev ncua ntawm cov khib nyiab, txhawb kev faib cov tshuaj tsis sib xws, thiab txhim kho cov pa oxygen hloov mus, cov khoom sib tov pab kom ntseeg tau tias cov txheej txheem lom neeg thiab tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv cov roj ntsha reactors, aeration tso tsheb hlau luam, los yog cov txheej txheem coagulation, kev xaiv kom raug thiab siv cov khoom sib tov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho kom zoo dua qub, txo kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab txhim kho tag nrho cov kev ua haujlwm. Raws li qhov kev thov rau kev tswj xyuas dej kom ruaj khov txuas ntxiv mus, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw hauv kev kho cov dej khib nyiab yuav tseem ceeb.