Txhim kho kev tsim thiab xyaum ntawm Xin'an Qianhe Water Quality Purification Plant Raws li AAOAO-MBBR Txheej Txheem thiab Ozone Oxidation
Qingdao, raws li lub teb chaws tseem ceeb ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv hauv nruab nrab nroog, tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm ecological. Txawm li cas los xij, piv rau sab saum toj -tier thoob ntiaj teb metropolises, nws cov dej hauv nroog kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig tseem ntsib cov teeb meem kev teeb tsa.
Tam sim no, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev pab them nqi ntawm cov kav dej xa dej, kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab, thiab kev cia siab rau pej xeem rau qhov siab - ib puag ncig dej zoo. Kuj tseem muaj qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kev paub txog lub zeem muag ecological ntawm kev tsim "Zoo nkauj Qingdao."
Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no, Qingdao yuav tsum ceev nrooj los siv cov kev ntsuas zoo xws li kev npaj kev tshawb fawb, kev faib cov peev txheej zoo, thiab ntxiv dag zog rau kev nqis peev hauv vaj tse. Cov kev siv zog no txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib sau cov dej khib nyiab thiab lub peev xwm kho lub davhlau ya nyob twg, yog li txhim kho lub hauv paus ecological rau lub nroog txoj kev loj hlob.
Xin'an Qianhe Water Quality Purification Plant project yog nyob rau sab hnub poob ntug dej hiav txwv Tshiab ntawm Qingdao. Nws muaj peev xwm kho tau ntawm 50,000 m³ / d, tag nrho thaj chaw ntawm 33,154 m², thiab tag nrho cov peev ntawm 182.4 lab yuan. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshawb fawb txog qhov ua tau ua tiav rau lub Peb Hlis 2021, kev tsim qauv ua ntej thiab pob nyiaj tau pom zoo nyob rau lub Rau Hli ntawm tib lub xyoo, thiab kev tsim kho tau pib thaum lub Plaub Hlis 2023. Tam sim no nyob rau theem kev tsim kho. Tus qauv tsim yuav tsum tau ua kom cov dej ntws tseem ceeb ua tau raws li Chav Kawm V cov qauv teev tseg hauv GB 3838-2002 "Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water," thaum tag nrho cov nitrogen (TN) thiab lwm yam ntsuas tau ua kom tau raws li Qib A cov qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002 "Tshem Tawm Cov Kabmob rau Cov Dej Nroj Tsuag Hauv Nroog."
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2022, Qingdao Water Affairs Administration tau tshaj tawm "Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom Txog Kev Txhim Kho thiab Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm rau Kev Kho Dej Hauv Nroog Hauv Nroog Qingdao." Daim ntawv ceeb toom no xav tau cov chaw kho mob nyob ib puag ncig Jiaozhou Bay, Bohai Bay, thiab raws cov dej ntws los ua kom tiav cov kev hloov kho tshiab, tsa cov qauv tso tawm mus rau quasi-Class IV nto dej zoo, nrog cov dej TN tswj ntawm 10-12 mg / L. Kev tso tawm ntawm txoj cai no tau poob rau lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm qhov kev pom zoo tsim qauv ua ntej (Lub Rau Hli 2021) thiab nws qhov pib lub cev (Lub Plaub Hlis 2023), tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv tsim qauv uas twb tau pom zoo thiab qhov kev xav tau ntawm ib puag ncig tshiab. Raws li qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab tshiab hauv West Coast New Area, txhawm rau ua kom ua raws li kev ua tiav, nws tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho thiab tsim kom muaj kev txhim kho kev lag luam los ntawm kev tshawb fawb ua tau.
1. Txheej txheem txheej txheem tsim thiab xaiv
1.1 Tsim Cov Dej Num Zoo
Qhov project cov qauv effluent tau hloov kho los ntawm quasi-Class V mus rau quasi-Class IV nto dej zoo. Cov kev daws teeb meem tsim nyog tau xav tau los txo qis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsuas xws li BOD, CODCr,TN, NH₃-N, thiab TP hauv cov dej ntws. Kev tsom xam tshwj xeeb yog qhia hauvTable 1.
1.2 Engineering Technical Scheme Xaiv
Cov txheej txheem ntws ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv kev tsim kho yog qhia hauvDaim duab 1.
Cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho tau txais "Pretreatment + Modified AAOAO Biochemical Tank + Secondary Sedimentation Tank + High-Efficiency Sedimentation Tank + V-Type Filter + Ozone Oxidation" process. Lub layout ntawm cov qauv yog compact, tawm hauv tsis muaj cov av seem rau qhov kev txhim kho qhov project, uas yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev tsim kho tsis tu ncua. Kev txhim kho feem ntau yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm cov pa phem xws li CODCr, NH₃-N, TN, and TP. Ob txoj kev sib piv tau npaj tseg, raws li tau piav qhia hauvRooj 2.
Scheme 1: AAOAO-MBBR + High-Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm ntawm Lub Tank
- Biochemical System Hloov Kho: Optimize tus qauv ntawm AAOAO biochemical tank nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. Txhim kho lub peev xwm denitrification los ntawm kev nthuav dav lub ntim anoxic. Ib txhij, ntxiv MBBR cov neeg nqa khoom hauv zos hauv thaj chaw aerobic los tsim cov txheej txheem sib xyaw, ntxiv dag zog rau kev tshem tawm biochemical ntawm NH₃-N thiab TN.
- Txhim kho Physicochemical System: Ua kom zoo dua lub tank qauv thiab cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa cov khoom siv tsis zoo ntawm lub siab -kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tank kom ruaj khov TP ua raws.
- Kev kho mob siab heev: Txhim kho qhov ntau npaum li cas hauv chav ozone oxidation kom ntxiv degrade refractory organic teeb meem, kom ntseeg tau CODCrkev ua raws cai.
Scheme 2: High-Efficiency Sedimentation Tank + Denitrifying Deep Bed Lim Txheej txheem
- Ua Haujlwm Hom Optimization: Tswj tus qauv qub ntawm AAOAO biochemical tank. Ntxiv cov khoom siv aeration kho tau hauv qhov chaw tshaj tawm-anoxic cheeb tsam kom hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm anoxic/aerobic hom raws li muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, ua kom NH₃-N kho tau zoo.
- Txhim kho Physicochemical System: Ua kom zoo dua lub tank qauv thiab cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa cov khoom siv tsis zoo ntawm lub siab -kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tank kom ruaj khov TP ua raws.
- Kev txais yuav Denitrifying Filter: Hloov cov V- hom lim mus rau denitrifying sib sib zog nqus txaj lim, siv cov pa roj carbon ntau npaum li cas los txhim kho TN lub peev xwm tshem tawm.
- Kev kho mob siab heev: Txhim kho qhov ntau npaum li cas hauv chav ozone oxidation kom ntxiv degrade refractory organic teeb meem, kom ntseeg tau CODCrkev ua raws cai.
Ob lub tswv yim tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev tshem tawm nitrogen thiab phosphorus. Scheme 1 siv kev hloov kho rau lub tank biochemical kom ua tiav TN tshem tawm. Nws qhov txiaj ntsig yog nyob rau hauv kev siv tag nrho ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig carbon. Thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam TN hloov pauv, ib qho chaw sab nraud tuaj yeem ntxiv rau hauv thaj chaw anoxic rau TN tshem tawm. Hauv kev sib piv, denitrifying sib sib zog nqus txaj lim siv hauv Scheme 2 xav tau kev siv cov pa roj carbon monoxide sab nraud thiab yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntev - kev saib xyuas cov dej microbial hauv cov lim dej, ua kom cov nqi khiav lag luam. Txawm hais tias tus nqi peev ntawm kev tsim kho rau ob lub tswv yim sib piv, raws li kev txiav txim siab ntau yam nrog rau kev tswj hwm tus nqi, kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov txheej txheem, thiab cov pa roj carbon qhov chaw siv kev ua tau zoo, Scheme 1- uas muaj kev lag luam zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim-yog qhov kawg xaiv los ua cov txheej txheem rau kev txhim kho qhov project.
2. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Engineering Design
2.1 Biochemical System Hloov Kho
Cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb ntawm MBBR cov txheej txheem yog nyob rau hauv kev ua kom muaj zog fluidized txav ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tsim, yog li txhim kho qhov system biodegradation efficiency rau cov pa phem. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem no muaj tsib lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: siab-txheej txheem- lub zog biofilm nqa, kev hloov pauv hydraulic tank qauv, kev taw qhia aeration system, cov cuab yeej cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam, thiab cov khoom siv ua kua dej. Raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm lub tank ntim thiab cov qauv tsim ntawm kev ua haujlwm 20,000 m³ / d cov khoom siv kho dej khib nyiab (MBBR) nyob rau hauv cov dej phwj hauv cheeb tsam, suav tag nrho cov kev xav tau zoo ntawm thaj tsam ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm yog kwv yees li 2,164,000 m². Qhov tsim muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm thaj chaw ntawm MBBR cov neeg nqa khoom yog ntau dua 750 m² / m³. Cov lus tsim qauv rau kev hloov kho AAOAO-MBBR tank ntim tau qhia hauvTable 3.
2.2 Txhim kho Physicochemical System
Lub siab -efficiency sedimentation tank yog tsim los ua haujlwm hauv ob pawg ua ke. Qhov kev kho dua tshiab no txais yuav daim ntawv txheej txheem, nrog rau cov khoom siv muab tag nrho - txheej txheem kev lav phib xaub thiab kev cog lus ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv teeb tsa yog raws li hauv qab no.
Lub coagulation tank muaj ob pawg nrog rau tag nrho ntawm 4 compartments. Qhov loj me me yog 2.675 m × 2.725 m × 5.9 m. Lub sijhawm kaw qhov siab tshaj plaws yog kwv yees li 3.8 feeb, nrog qhov nrawm nrawm (G) Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 250 s-¹. Txhua tus agitator tau teeb tsa nrog ib qho -unit zog ntawm 4 kW.
Lub flocculation tank muaj ob pab pawg nrog tag nrho ntawm 2 qhov chaw. Qhov loj me me yog 5.65 m × 5.65 m × 5.9 m. Lub sijhawm kaw qhov siab tshaj plaws yog kwv yees li 8.3 feeb. Sab hauv txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub raj raj yog 2,575 hli. Nws tau teeb tsa nrog Φ2,500 hli turbine- hom agitators, txhua lub zog ntawm 7.5 kW.
Lub tank sedimentation muaj ob pawg. Qhov chaw inclined raj rau ib pawg yog kwv yees li 84 m². Qhov siab ntawm lub tank yog 11.7 m. Qhov nruab nrab hydraulic loading tus nqi ntawm lub inclined tube nto yog 12.4 m³ / (m²·h), nrog tus nqi siab tshaj ntawm 16.1 m³ / (m²·h). Qhov nruab nrab hydraulic loading tus nqi rau thaj tsam sedimentation yog 7.6 m³ / (m²·h), nrog tus nqi siab tshaj ntawm 9.9 m³ / (m²·h).
Kev siv tshuaj lom neeg tau teeb tsa raws li hauv qab no: Kev Lag Luam Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC) kua (10% Al₂O₃) yog tsim los ua cov coagulant, dosed ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm cov coagulation tank. Qhov ntau npaum li cas tsim tau yog 300 mg / L, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm 150-200 mg / L. Mechanical diaphragm metering twj yog siv, teeb tsa nrog 10-fold online dilution system. Anionic Polyacrylamide (PAM) yog tsim los ua flocculant, dosed nyob rau hauv flocculation seem ntawm lub siab -efficiency sedimentation tank. Cov txheej txheem ntawm qhov tsis siv neeg tsis siv neeg txuas ntxiv PAM cov tshuaj npaj thiab muab tshuaj yog siv, nrog rau kev daws teeb meem ntawm 2 g / L. Qhov ntau npaum li cas tsim tau yog 0.6 mg / L, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 0.3 mg / L. Dosing twj yog ntsia hlau-hom metering twj, kuj nruab nrog 10-fold online dilution system.
2.3 Pilot-Sale Ozone Oxidation Experiment Verification
Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau ntawm cov nroj tsuag hloov kho cov dej ntws ruaj khov ua tau raws li Chav Kawm IV cov qauv dej saum npoo av (COD concentration Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 30 mg / L), qhov kev tshawb fawb no tau xaiv cov effluent thib ob los ntawm theem thawj thiab thib ob ntawm Lianwanhe Water Quality Purification Plant raws li kev tshawb fawb hauv lub Rau Hli 2024. Kev tshawb xyuas kev ua haujlwm tau zoo rau "Ozone kev kho mob qib siab. + Qhov kev sim no tsom rau kev soj ntsuam kev siv tau ntawm cov txheej txheem no rau Xin'an qhov project tsim thiab kev ua tiav ntawm lub hom phiaj.
Qhov kev sim no tau siv qhov me me uas twb muaj lawm - nplai xuab zeb pom chav (kev kho muaj peev xwm 1.5 m³ / h) hauv Lianwanhe cog. Tus tsav tsheb- nplai ozone oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (ntauwd reactor, zoo ntim 0.5 m³) tau teeb tsa rau ntawm -site. Qhov thib ob uas twb muaj lawm sedimentation tank effluent tau lim los ntawm cov xuab zeb me me lim, ces nqa los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis nkag mus rau ozone oxidation ntauwd los ntawm sab saum toj. Cov nyhuv oxidizing ntawm ozone tau siv los tshem tawm cov teeb meem ntawm cov organic refractory los ntawm lub zog, ua tiav kev txo qis COD ntxiv.
2.3.1 Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm "Sand Filtration + Ozone Oxidation" ntawm Ozone Dosage ntawm 20 mg / L thiab HRT ntawm 30 min
Thaum lub sijhawm tshawb fawb no, qhov muaj txiaj ntsig COD concentration nyob ntawm 38.2 txog 43.4 mg / L, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 40.4 mg / L. Tom qab kev kho mob los ntawm cov txheej txheem "Sand Filtration + Ozone Oxidation", qhov kawg effluent COD nruab nrab yog 28.8 mg / L. Qhov kev sim pom tias thaum COD concentration siab, tseem muaj cov piv txwv uas cov dej COD ua tsis tau raws li tus qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kawg ntawm cov xim effluent los ntawm qhov kev sim ntsuas tseem nyob siab tshaj qhov muaj zog, tsis ua raws li tus qauv tso tawm. Paub meej muaj nyob rau hauvDaim duab 2(a).
2.3.2 Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm "Sand Filtration + Ozone Oxidation" ntawm Ozone Dosage ntawm 25 mg / L thiab HRT ntawm 30 min
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho COD tshem tawm thiab txo cov xim effluent, theem no txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv ozone ntau npaum li cas thaum tswj hwm HRT ntawm 30 min. Hauv theem kev sim no, qhov muaj txiaj ntsig COD concentration yog li ntawm 36.3 txog 46.2 mg / L, qhov nruab nrab 40.4 mg / L. Tom qab kev kho mob, COD concentration tau txo mus rau 28 mg / L. Qhov kawg effluent xim los ntawm kev sim ntsuas tseem tseem nyob siab tshaj qhov muaj zog, tsis ua raws li tus qauv tso tawm. Paub meej muaj nyob rau hauvDaim duab 2 (b).
2.3.3 Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm "Sand Filtration + Ozone Oxidation" ntawm Ozone Dosage ntawm 30 mg / L thiab HRT ntawm 30 min
Raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv tshuaj ozone ntawm 30 mg / L thiab HRT ntawm 30 min, cov txheej txheem "Sand Filtration + Ozone Oxidation" tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kho mob COD thib ob. Hauv theem kev sim no, qhov muaj txiaj ntsig COD concentration yog li ntawm 38.2 txog 42.2 mg / L, qhov nruab nrab 40.2 mg / L. Tom qab kev kho mob, cov dej COD concentration tseem nyob ruaj khov hauv qab 30 mg / L, qhov nruab nrab 26 mg / L. Nyob rau theem no, cov txheej txheem kuj tau pom zoo kom tshem tawm cov xim zoo, nrog kev ntsuas xim tsis tu ncua qis dua 20, ruaj khov ua tau raws li tus qauv tso tawm. Paub meej muaj nyob rau hauvDaim duab 2 (c).
2.3.4 Kev Xeem Xaus
Raws li cov txiaj ntsig kev sim, nyob rau hauv qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhov piv ntawm ozone ntau npaum li cas (30 mg / L) rau COD tshem tawm (12.2 mg / L) hauv chav kho ozone yog 2.45: 1.00.
Qhov kev sim sim ua pov thawj tias "Sand Filtration + Ozone Oxidation" txheej txheem kev kho mob siab heev tuaj yeem txo tus nqi COD ntawm tus neeg sawv cev thib ob los ntawm Lianwanhe cog. Yog li ntawd, kev siv cov txheej txheem "Sand Filtration + Ozone Oxidation" raws li cov txheej txheem kev kho mob siab heev rau Xin'an Qianhe qhov project muaj qhov ua tau zoo thiab tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov project effluent COD tseem ruaj khov qis dua 30 mg / L.
3. Cov lus xaus
Qhov kev tshawb fawb no tsom mus rau peb qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb: cov txheej txheem kho biochemical tau txais AAOAO-MBBR hybrid (kev ncua thiab txuas nrog kev loj hlob) txheej txheem; chav kho mob physicochemical optimizes lub tank qauv thiab cov khoom xaiv rau lub siab -efficiency sedimentation tank; thiab qhov kev kho mob siab tshaj plaws tau raug lees paub los ntawm kev sim- ntsuas ozone oxidation kev sim.
Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qub ntawm cov txheej txheem no, tag nrho - txheej txheem kev kho mob ntawm "Biochemical Enhancement - Physicochemical Improvement - Advanced Safeguard" yog tsim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kev tsim engineering no ua raws li lub hom phiaj qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev tsim kho tam sim no, yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tsim kho kom zoo dua qub rau tag nrho cov qauv kom siv tau cov chaw uas twb muaj lawm thiab txo qis kev ua haujlwm kho dua tshiab.
Qhov project siv cov txheej txheem effluent zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho raws li lub benchmark rau tsim influent zoo. Kev tso tawm concentration ntawm CODCr, BOD₅, NH₃-N, thiab TP yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv IV hauv chav kawm (TN Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 10/12 mg/L) tau teev tseg hauv GB 3838-2002 "Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water." Lwm qhov ntsuas yuav tsum ua raws li Qib A cov qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002 "Kev Tso Cai Tawm Tsam Ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob rau Kev Kho Dej Hauv Nroog." Qhov kev txhim kho no muaj qhov tsim qauv ntawm 50,000 m³ / d, tag nrho cov peev ntawm 27.507 lab yuan, tus nqi khiav haujlwm ntawm 0.3 yuan / m³, tag nrho tus nqi ntawm 0.39 yuan / m³, thiab tus nqi dej khiav ntawm 0.45 yuan / m³.