Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm A2O-MBBR + CWs Kev Siv Tshuab Ua Ke rau Kev Kho Dej Hauv Nroog Hauv Nroog
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, lub xeev tau txhawb nqa lub tswv yim txhim kho kev txhim kho nyob deb nroog, tsom mus rau kev txhim kho thaj chaw nyob, thiab muab cov kev xav tau siab dua rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab hauv nroog. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab nyob deb nroog suav nrog cov txheej txheem lom neeg, cov txheej txheem ecological, thiab cov txheej txheem ua ke, feem ntau yog los ntawm kev kho dej khib nyiab hauv nroog. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog muaj cov neeg tawg rog, ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau yam xws li kev sib cais ntawm cov dej khib nyiab siab, kev sib sau nyuaj, kev kho me me, kev siv cov peev txheej tsawg, thiab cov chaw kho mob tsis txaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb muaj nyob rau hauv cov dej khib nyiab zoo thiab qhov ntau, thaj chaw thaj chaw, kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev lag luam thoob plaws cheeb tsam, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev kho cov thev naus laus zis; Kev siv cov thev naus laus zis hauv nroog kev kho dej khib nyiab yooj yim tsis tuaj yeem ua tau. Kev tsim kho vaj tse rau kev khaws cov dej khib nyiab, xws li cov kav dej phwj tuaj, feem ntau tsis txaus nyob rau hauv cov chaw nyob deb nroog. Kev sau cov dej khib nyiab tau yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov kav dej thiab cov dej hauv av infiltration, uas ua rau cov organic concentration hauv cov dej khib nyiab tsawg thiab muaj teeb meem ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm cov nitrogen lom. Qhov kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov dej khib nyiab zoo thiab muaj ntau nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev tswj kom ruaj khov biomass concentration hauv cov chaw kho mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub caij ntuj no txias tsis tshua muaj peev xwm kho cov kab mob lom, ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm tsawg thiab tsis ruaj khov effluent zoo ua rau ntau tshaj cov qauv hauv cov txheej txheem activated sludge. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tsim cov thev naus laus zis kho dej khib nyiab uas tsim nyog rau cov xwm txheej hauv zos, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov rau kev poob siab, ruaj khov ntev - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, thiab kev kho mob siab.
Cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog hauv Suav teb nyiam nyiam tsawg- nqi, yooj yim- los- tswj cov thev naus laus zis hauv tsev, nrog cov txheej txheem lom neeg + ecological ua ke ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb loj. Tam sim no, dav siv cov khoom siv kho cov dej khib nyiab sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov chaw nyob deb nroog feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem xws li Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic (A2O) thiab Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR). Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias MBBR txheej txheem tso siab rau ntau qhov chaw tsim khoom dua li kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov kws tshaj lij kev ua haujlwm rau kev tswj hwm, ua kom yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab kev saib xyuas. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov dej khib nyiab nyob deb nroog uas cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis txaus. Nws qhov zoo muaj xws li biomass concentration, muaj zog tiv thaiv kev poob siab, kev kho mob siab, thiab hneev taw me me. Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Luo Jiawen et al. qhia tias ntxiv MBBR xov xwm rau cov txheej txheem A2O tuaj yeem txhim kho nws cov peev txheej kho dej khib nyiab. Zhou Zhengbing et al., nyob rau hauv ib tug tiag tiag nyob deb nroog cov dej khib nyiab project, tsim ib tug ob -theem anaerobic/anoxic{17}}biological aerated lim ua ke txheej txheem, ua tau zoo effluent zoo raws li Qib A tus qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002 "water Trendyption Standard Discharge Cov nroj tsuag". Tsis tas li ntawd, Constructed Wetlands (CWs) feem ntau yog siv los kho cov dej khib nyiab nyob deb nroog. Piv txwv li, Zhang Yang et al. siv biochar los ua tus muab tub lim los hloov kho cov av ntub dej, nrhiav kev tshem tawm cov nqi rau TN, TP, thiab COD tuaj yeem ncav cuag 99.41%, 91.40%, thiab 85.09%, feem. Kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los los ntawm peb pab pawg kuj tau pom tias sludge biochar muab tub lim tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nitrogen thiab phosphorus tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov av ntub dej, txhim kho tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev kho mob thiab kev ua tau zoo, thiab ua rau lub cev muaj zog tiv thaiv kev poob siab. Tsim los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb saum toj no, txhawm rau tshawb nrhiav cov thev naus laus zis sib xyaw tsim nyog rau kev kho dej khib nyiab hauv nroog nyob deb nroog thiab daws cov teeb meem xws li kev nyuaj hauv kev tswj xyuas cov biomass ruaj khov, tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kev poob siab, thiab cov dej ntws tsis zoo tuaj yeem hloov pauv thiab tshaj cov qauv hauv cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab nyob deb nroog, tus sau tau tso ib qho A2O-MBBR txheej txheem upfront, sau nws nrog cov khoom siv thauj mus los. tsau - zaj duab xis qhib sludge (IFAS) ib puag ncig, ua kom cov kab mob sludge concentration thiab txhim kho kev kho mob. Xav txog kev siv ecological ntawm cov av tsis muaj av zoo li cov pas dej thiab kev nyuaj siab hauv cov chaw nyob deb nroog, thiab sib txuas cov av ntub dej ua cov txheej txheem kho polishing, cov txheej txheem xws li siv cov sludge biochar muab tub lim, rov ua cov kua nitrified, thiab cog cov nroj tsuag submerged tau ua haujlwm los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov av sib xyaw. Yog li, A2O-MBBR + CWs ua ke txheej txheem tau tsim.
Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, siv cov dej khib nyiab nyoos los ntawm ib lub zos cov dej khib nyiab hauv Hefei ua cov khoom siv kho mob, ib qho kev sim - ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm A2O-MBBR + CWs ua ke txheej txheem. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov dej kub raws caij nyoog hloov ntawm nws txoj kev kho mob tau tshawb xyuas. Cov pa phem cov cim qhia hauv qhov muaj zog thiab cov dej tawm tau raug saib xyuas thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm los tshawb txog kev tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev lag luam feasibility ntawm cov txheej txheem tau txheeb xyuas. Lub hom phiaj yog los muab cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab lub hauv paus rau daim ntawv thov ntawm A2O + tsim cov av ntub dej sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov dej khib nyiab hauv nroog nyob deb nroog hauv Suav teb, thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj los txhawb kev kho cov dej khib nyiab hauv tsev thiab tsim cov zos zoo nkauj, ecologically nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog.
1. Kev sim teeb tsa thiab tshawb fawb txoj kev
1.1 Cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke
A2O-MBBR + CWs ua ke cov txheej txheem kev sim tau txais kev ua haujlwm ntawm A2O chav tsev, cov pa roj carbon-raws li subsurface flow wetland, thiab lub pas dej ecological. Lub A2O chav tsev muaj ib tug baffled anaerobic -anoxic contact tank thiab ib tug aerobic membrane tank (MBBR). Ob lub baffled anaerobic tank thiab aeration cheeb tsam ntawm lub aerobic MBBR tank tau ntim nrog tshem tawm biofilm carrier media los muab cov ntaub ntawv txuas rau cov kab mob los tsim biofilms. Cov activated sludge thiab biofilm nyob rau hauv lub tso tsheb hlau luam coexisted, tsim ib tug IFAS system, uas yuav stably tswj system biomass. Lub baffled anoxic tank txhim kho cov txheej txheem denitrification los ntawm nitrified kua recirculation. Lub aerobic MBBR tank muaj lub tshuab aeration hauv qab los txhim kho nws cov kev ua tau zoo nitrification. Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) dosing chaw nres nkoj tau teeb tsa hauv lub tank rau kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj phosphorus ntxiv, ua kom muaj kev tshem tawm phosphorus zoo. Chav tsev CWs suav nrog cov pa roj carbon-raws li subsurface flow wetland thiab submerged cog ecological pas dej. Cov pa roj carbon-raws li subsurface flow constructed wetland saws ib tug peb -theem muab tub lim pom system. Aeration discs tau muab tso rau hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw muab tub lim rau rov qab ntxuav cov xov xwm kom txo tau qhov txhaws. Lub pas dej hauv cov nroj tsuag ecological muaj ib txheej limestone substrate nyob rau hauv qab thiab tau cog nrog txias-cov nroj tsuag tsis kam submerged Vallisneria natans thiab Potamogeton crispus. Kev teeb tsa tau muab tso rau sab nraum zoov. Lub ntsuas kub tau muab tso rau hauv lub pas dej ecological los saib xyuas cov dej kub hloov raws caij nyoog. Cov txheej txheem ntxaws ntxaws ntawm A2O-MBBR + CWs ua ke txheej txheem tau qhia hauvDaim duab 1.
1.2 Kev teeb tsa thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo
Kev sim teeb tsa tau tsim los siv 10 hli tuab polypropylene daim hlau. Lub baffled anaerobic tank tau ntim nrog square biofilm carrier media thiab muaj baffle daim hlau. Qhov sib xyaw cawv sib xyaw ua ke rau lub tank baffled anoxic yog 50% ~ 150%, thiab nws kuj muaj baffle daim hlau. Lub tank aerobic MBBR tau muab faib ua baffle rau hauv aerobic aeration zone thiab sedimentation zone. Lub cheeb tsam aeration tau ntim nrog MBBR tshem tawm cov khoom xa tawm nrog huab cua - rau - dej piv ntawm 6: 1 ~ 10: 1. Lub cheeb tsam sedimentation muaj PAC dosing chaw nres nkoj thiab inclined daim hlau rau sedimentation pab. Cov pa roj carbon-raws li subsurface flow wetland: thawj qhov chaw muab tub lim tau ntim nrog limestone (~ 5 cm txoj kab uas hla), qhov chaw muab tub lim thib ob nrog zeolite (~ 3 cm txoj kab uas hla), thiab tertiary muab tub lim nrog sludge biochar muab tub lim (~ 0.5 ~ 1.0 cm inch). Qhov siab ntawm qhov muab tub lim rau txhua cheeb tsam yog 75 cm. Ib cheeb tsam sib txawv txog 4 cm dav tau teeb tsa nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thawj thiab theem nrab rau kev ua haujlwm xws li ntxiv cov pa roj carbon monoxide, kev soj ntsuam, thiab kev saib xyuas / khoob (tsis muaj cov pa roj carbon ntxiv thaum qhov kev sim no). Lub submerged cog ecological pas dej tau ntim nrog limestone muab tub lim (~ 3 cm inch) ntawm qhov siab ntawm 20 cm. Cov nroj tsuag submerged tau cog ntawm ib kab sib nrug ntawm 10 cm thiab cog qhov nrug ntawm 10 cm. Qhov kev sim siv cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm ib lub zos cov dej khib nyiab kho hauv Hefei raws li muaj zog. Lub sijhawm sim yog txij lub Tsib Hlis 25, 2022, txog rau Lub Ib Hlis 17, 2023, tag nrho 239 hnub. Cov nroj tsuag submerged tau sau ib zaug rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2nd, nrog ntau zaus kwv yees li ib zaug txhua 6 lub hlis. Lub peev xwm kho dej khib nyiab tsim yog 50 ~ 210 L / d. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws tsim cov kev teeb tsa tau qhia hauvTable 1.
1.3 Cov txheej txheem sim
1.3.1 Kev sim tsim
1.3.1.1 Optimal Wastewater Treatment Capacity Test
Tom qab ua tiav qhov kev sim ua tiav ntawm qhov kev sim teeb tsa (cov dej ntws ruaj khov), qhov kev ntsuam xyuas cov dej khib nyiab zoo tshaj plaws tau ua txij lub Tsib Hlis 25, 2022, txog rau Lub Rau Hli 30, 2022. Raws li kev tswj hwm lub tank cua aerobic - rau - dej ratio ntawm 6: 1, nitrified kua recirculation ratio ntawm 8% AC 10% thiab cov ntsiab lus 10% AC 3.7 g / d, lub peev xwm kho dej khib nyiab ntawm kev teeb tsa tau maj mam nce (50, 60, 70, 80, 100, 120, 150, 180, 210 L / d). Cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov dej ntws zoo tau raug saib xyuas los tshawb xyuas qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev kho dej khib nyiab ntawm qhov teeb tsa. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, dej kub sib txawv ntawm 24.5 ~ 27.1 degree. Txhawm rau kom ruaj khov effluent ua raws li lub caij ntuj no, tus qauv effluent tau txais yuav yog Qib A tus qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002 "Tshem Tawm Cov Kabmob Cov Kabmob rau Kev Kho Dej Hauv Nroog".
1.3.1.2 Cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Kev Kho Mob Tag Nrho Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas
Lub sijhawm sim yog txij Lub Xya Hli 1, 2022, txog rau Lub Ib Hlis 17, 2023. Lub peev xwm kho dej khib nyiab zoo tshaj plaws tau teeb tsa ntawm 120 L / d. Lub aerobic tank cua - rau - dej piv yog 6: 1 ~ 10: 1, thiab cov cawv sib xyaw ua ke yog 50% ~ 150%. Influent thiab effluent dej zoo ntsuas (TN, TP, NO3--N, NH4+-N, thiab COD) los ntawm txhua qhov txheej txheem tau saib xyuas. Cov dej kub hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm kuaj (xws li huab cua raws caij nyoog) tau sau tseg. Kev kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm A2O-MBBR + CWs ua ke txheej txheem rau cov dej khib nyiab nyob deb nroog tau txheeb xyuas, thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov dej kub raws caij nyoog hloov ntawm cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm tau raug tshawb xyuas.
1.3.2 Sampling
Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, cov qauv raug coj los tsis tu ncua (kwv yees li 1 ~ 2 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam) rau kev ntsuas dej zoo. Cov qauv raug sau los ntawm kev teeb tsa muaj zog, baffled anaerobic-anoxic tank effluent, aerobic MBBR tank effluent, carbon-raws li subsurface flow wetland effluent, thiab submerged cog ecological pas dej effluent. Cov qauv muaj txiaj ntsig tau raug coj los ntawm kev teeb tsa cov yeeb nkab inlet, thiab cov qauv effluent los ntawm txhua chav tsev qhov hluav taws xob. Kev ntsuas ntsuas dej zoo tau ua tiav nyob rau tib hnub ntawm kev kuaj. Cov ntsuas ntsuas suav nrog TN, TP, NO3--N, NH4+-N, thiab COD. Txhua lub sij hawm coj mus kuaj, cov dej kub nyeem los ntawm tus pas ntsuas kub hauv lub pas dej ecological tau sau tseg (vim li ntawm 0 ~ 32 degree). Cov dej kub hauv lub pas dej ecological hloov pauv raws li lub caij nyoog kub sib txawv. Tus qauv tsim cov dej phwj tuaj rau qhov kev sim teeb tsa ua raws li Qib A tus qauv ntawm DB 34/3527-2019 "Tshem Tawm Cov Kabmob Dej rau Cov Dej Num Hauv Hauv Nroog Hauv Nroog". Cov qauv tsim muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab cov qauv effluent tau piav qhia hauvRooj 2.
1.3.3 Txoj Kev Ntsuas Dej Zoo
TN concentration hauv cov qauv dej tau txiav txim siab siv HJ 636-2012 "Dej zoo - Kev txiav txim siab tag nrho cov nitrogen - Alkaline potassium persulfate digestion UV spectrophotometric method". TSIS MUAJ3--N concentration tau txiav txim siab siv HJ/T 346-2007 "Dej zoo - Kev txiav txim siab ntawm nitrate nitrogen - Ultraviolet spectrophotometric (Tsim)". NH4+-N concentration tau txiav txim siab siv HJ 535-2009 "Dej zoo - Kev txiav txim siab ntawm ammonia nitrogen - Nessler's reagent spectrophotometry". COD tau txiav txim siab siv HJ 828-2017 "Dej zoo - Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tshuaj oxygen xav tau - Dichromate method". TP concentration tau txiav txim siab siv GB 11893-1989 "Dej zoo - Kev txiav txim siab ntawm tag nrho cov phosphorus - Ammonium molybdate spectrophotometric method".
2. Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev sib tham
2.1 Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Kev Kho Dej Pov Tseg Muaj Peev Xwm ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm Ua Haujlwm Ua Ke
Raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 2 (a)(b), raws li kev kho cov dej khib nyiab txhua hnub maj mam nce ntawm 50 L / d mus rau 210 L / d, kev tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm TN thiab NH4+-N los ntawm txhua chav tsev ntawm cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke tau pom tias muaj kev poob qis. TN tshem tawm tus nqi txo los ntawm 91.55% (50 L / d) mus rau 52.17% (210 L / d), thiab NH4+-N tshem tawm tus nqi txo los ntawm 97.47% (70 L / d) mus rau 80.68% (210 L / d). Qhov no yog vim tias qhov nce hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab txhua hnub yuav txo tau lub sij hawm tuav hydraulic, txo lub sij hawm muaj rau cov kab mob kom txo cov pa phem, ua rau kev kho tsis zoo. Ntawm lawv, chav A2O tau pab txhawb ntau tshaj rau TN thiab NH4+-N tshem tawm. Qhov nruab nrab influent TN concentration rau chav tsev no yog 38.68 mg / L, effluent yog 16.87 mg / L, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm 56.29%. Qhov nruab nrab influent NH4+-N concentration yog 36.29 mg / L, effluent yog 5.50 mg / L, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm 84.85%. Rau cov pa roj carbon-raws li subsurface flow wetland, qhov nruab nrab influent TN concentration yog 16.87 mg / L, effluent yog 11.96 mg / L, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm 29.10%. Rau lub submerged cog ecological pas dej, qhov nruab nrab influent TN concentration yog 11.96 mg / L, effluent yog 9.47 mg / L, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm 20.82%. Kev tshem tawm nitrogen ua haujlwm ntawm cov pa roj carbon-raws li subsurface flow wetland yog zoo dua li ntawm lub pas dej ecological vim tias qhov anaerobic{15}}anoxic ib puag ncig ntawm subsurface flow wetland yog tsim nyog rau denitrification. Txawm li cas los xij, NH4+-N tshem tawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub pas dej ecological zoo dua li ntawm cov dej ntws hauv qab dej. Qhov nruab nrab influent NH4+-N concentration rau cov pa roj carbon -raws li subsurface flow wetland yog 5.50 mg/L, effluent yog 4.04 mg/L, nrog rau kev tshem tawm tsuas yog 26.53%. Rau lub ecological pas dej, qhov nruab nrab influent NH4+-N concentration yog 4.04 mg / L, effluent yog 2.38 mg / L, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm 41.07%. Qhov no yog vim qhov chaw aerobic ntawm lub pas dej ecological zoo dua rau nitrification, hloov NH ntau dua4+-N rau NO3--N, ua rau NH siab dua4+-N tus nqi tshem tawm. Thaum lub peev xwm kho cov dej khib nyiab mus txog 150 L / d, TN concentration yog 15.11 mg / L, dhau ntawm Qib A tus qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002. Yog li, txhawm rau kom ruaj khov TN ua raws, qhov siab tshaj plaws kev kho dej khib nyiab yog 120 L / d. Thaum lub peev xwm kho dej khib nyiab mus txog 210 L / d, cov dej ntws tawm NH4+-N concentration yog 7.07 mg/L, dhau ntawm Qib A tus qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002. Yog li ntawd, qhov siab tshaj plaws kev kho dej khib nyiab muaj peev xwm rau NH4+-N ua raws yog 180 L/d.
Raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 2 (c), qhov nruab nrab influent COD yog qis dua 100 mg / L, qhia tias cov ntsiab lus organic tsawg. Qhov nce hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab tsis cuam tshuam rau kev tshem tawm COD, nrog COD tshem tawm ntawm 75% ~ 90%. Raws li lub peev xwm kho dej khib nyiab tau nce los ntawm 50 L / d mus rau 210 L / d, qhov nruab nrab effluent COD yog 19.16 mg / L, nrog rau qhov siab tshaj plaws effluent COD ntawm 26.07 mg / L, tseem nyob deb dua li 50 mg / L tus qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002 qib A tau txais txiaj ntsig COD ntau dua. ntaus ntawv hauv aerobic MBBR tank tsim ib qho chaw aerobic, txhim kho lub peev xwm biochemical ntawm cov kab mob aerobic thiab ntxiv dag zog rau COD tshem tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev rov ua dua ntawm nitrified kua hauv chav A2O tso cai rau lub tank baffled anoxic ntxiv siv cov organic teeb meem hauv cov dej khib nyiab ua cov pa roj carbon monoxide, tshem tawm ib feem ntawm COD thaum txhim kho denitrification. Cov pa roj carbon-raws li subsurface ntws ntub dej ua rau qhov thib ob feem ntau rau kev tshem tawm COD. Nws qhov anaerobic-anoxic ib puag ncig yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv cov khoom siv hauv cov dej khib nyiab ua cov pa roj carbon monoxide, degrading ib feem ntawm cov organics thaum txhim kho denitrification, uas yog vim li cas nws tau zoo dua TN tshem tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub substrate txheej ntawm subsurface ntws ntub dej tuaj yeem adsorb qee cov organic teeb meem. Lub pas dej ecological tau txwv tsis pub muaj COD degradation. Qhov nruab nrab muaj zog COD rau lub pas dej ecological yog 22.21 mg / L, thiab feem ntau yooj yim biodegradable organics twb tau degraded, tawm hauv organics uas nyuaj rau degrade.
Raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 2 (d), raws li lub peev xwm kho cov dej khib nyiab tau nce, qhov TP concentration tseem nyob ruaj khov. Qhov nce hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab tsis cuam tshuam rau TP tshem tawm. Qhov nruab nrab muaj zog TP concentration yog 3.7 mg / L, thiab qhov nruab nrab effluent concentration yog 0.18 mg / L, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab tshem tawm ntawm 95.14%, qhia TP tshem tawm zoo. TP feem ntau raug tshem tawm hauv chav A2O. Qhov muaj txiaj ntsig TP concentration rau A2O chav tsev yog 3.7 mg / L, thiab cov kua dej tsuas yog 0.29 mg / L, zoo dua li 0.5 mg / L tus qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002 Qib A. Qhov no yog vim lub chav A2O tsis tsuas yog muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg phosphorus tshem tawm los ntawm PA-phosphorus. ntxiv nrog tshuaj phosphorus tshem tawm los ntawm kev noj 3.7 g / d ntawm PAC. Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab tshuaj phosphorus tshem tawm ua rau ntau dua 90% ntawm phosphorus raug tshem tawm hauv chav A2O. Lub subsurface flow wetland thiab ecological pas dej tsuas yog tso siab rau cov txheej txheem xws li substrate adsorption, sedimentation, cog uptake, thiab microbial degradation rau phosphorus tshem tawm. Ntxiv mus, TP concentration nkag mus rau hauv cov av ntub dej twb tsawg li 0.29 mg / L, ua rau kev tshem tawm ntau dua. Cov laj thawj sib xyaw ua ke no ua rau TP tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov av ntub dej thiab cov pas dej ecological.
Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm txhua qhov ntsuas dej ntws nrog GB 18918-2002 Qib A tus qauv, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev kho dej khib nyiab rau cov txheej txheem no tau txiav txim siab yog 120 L / d.
2.2 Kev tshem tawm cov pa phem ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke
2.2.1 COD Tshem Tawm Kev Ua Haujlwm
Raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 3, thaum lub sijhawm kuaj kev kho mob tag nrho (Lub Xya Hli 1, 2022, txog Lub Ib Hlis 17, 2023, kev kho dej khib nyiab muaj peev xwm 120 L / d), dej kub tau pom qhov hloov pauv qis qis, txo qis ntawm 32℃mus rau 0 degree. COD tshem tawm tus nqi hloov pauv, thiab qhov txo qis hauv dej kub tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev tshem tawm COD. Ua ke nrogDaim duab 4, COD tshem tawm tus nqi sib txawv ntawm 66.16% ~ 82.51%, feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm COD concentration. Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv anaerobic / anoxic tej yam kev mob, COD tshem tawm tsuas yog tso siab rau microbial nkaus. Cov txheej txheem A2O-MBBR+CWs hloov pauv ntawm anaerobic-anoxic-oxic-anoxic- mob oxic, txhim kho COD tshem tawm. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, raws li cov dej kub tau txo qis, txawm hais tias COD muaj zog nyob ntawm 80 ~ 136 mg / L, cov dej COD tseem nyob ruaj khov qis dua 50 mg / L, ua tau raws li Qib A tus qauv ntawm DB 34/3527-2019, qhia tias muaj cov organic degradation zoo. Tshooj A2O tau pab txhawb feem ntau rau kev tshem tawm COD. Lub baffled anaerobic-anoxic contact tank muaj qhov nruab nrab COD tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 43.38%, suav txog 65.43% ntawm tag nrho COD tshem tawm. Aerobic MBBR tank muaj qhov nruab nrab tshem tawm ntawm 14.69%, suav txog 19.87% ntawm tag nrho. Ntu A2O pab txhawb ntau dua 85% rau COD tshem tawm, tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm qhov loj ntawm thaj chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov xov xwm hauv lub tank baffled anaerobic thiab aerobic MBBR tank, siab sludge concentration, thiab tsim cov khoom noj los ntawm cov kab mob → protozoa → metazoa, zoo degrading organic teeb meem hauv dej. Lub siab biodiversity ntawm IFAS system ua kom cov organic tshem tawm zoo txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib feem ntawm cov organic soluble nyob rau hauv cov dej khib nyiab nyob rau hauv lub baffled anaerobic-anoxic contact tank yuav siv los ua ib tug carbon los ntawm denitrifying kab mob. Meanwhile, recirculated mixed cawv nce NO3--N concentration nyob rau hauv lub baffled anoxic tank, txhawb kev siv cov pa roj carbon los ntawm denitrifying kab mob los hloov NO3--N/NO2--N rau hauv cov pa nitrogen. Qhov siab COD tshem tawm tus nqi nyob rau hauv lub baffled anaerobic -anoxic contact tank ntxiv tshawb xyuas tias cov txheej txheem no muaj peev xwm zoo siv cov organic teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov dej khib nyiab raws li ib tug denitrification carbon qhov chaw. Cov pa roj carbon-raws li subsurface flow wetland muaj qhov nruab nrab COD tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 7.18%, suav txog 9.18% ntawm tag nrho COD tshem tawm. Lub anaerobic / anoxic ib puag ncig ntawm subsurface ntws ntub dej yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov kab mob siv cov khoom siv organic ua cov pa roj carbon monoxide, ua tiav COD tshem tawm thaum txhim kho denitrification. Cov kev tshawb fawb ntsig txog kuj qhia tau tias biochar muab tub lim tuaj yeem nqus cov organic teeb meem los ntawm electrostatic attraction thiab intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Yog li ntawd, cov sludge biochar muab tub lim nyob rau hauv subsurface flow wetland kuj adsorb ib co organic teeb meem. Lub pas dej hauv cov nroj tsuag ecological tau muaj qhov nruab nrab COD tshem tawm ntawm tsuas yog 3.68% vim tias COD nkag mus rau hauv lub pas dej twb qis ntawm 30.59 mg / L ntawm qhov nruab nrab, thiab feem ntau muaj cov organic refractory, tshem tawm tsuas yog los ntawm adsorption thiab cog uptake, nrog rau cov nyhuv txwv.
2.2.2 Nitrogen Tshem Tawm Kev Ua Haujlwm
Raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 3, raws li dej kub maj mam txo los ntawm 32℃mus rau 12 degree, TN thiab NH4+-N cov nqi tshem tawm hloov pauv. Qhov nruab nrab TN tshem tawm tus nqi mus txog 75.61%, thiab qhov nruab nrab NH4+-N tus nqi tshem tawm mus txog 95.70%. Thaum dej kub poob qis dua 12 degree, TN thiab NH4+-N cov nqi tshem tawm tau pom qhov txo qis sai, tab sis qhov nruab nrab tshem tawm tseem mus txog 58.56% thiab 80.40%, feem. Qhov no yog vim lub caij ntuj sov dej txo qis inhibited microbial kev ua haujlwm, tsis muaj zog denitrification kev ua haujlwm. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov muaj kuab paug thiab muaj kuab paug nyob hauv lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ua ke (Lub Xya Hli 1, 2022, txog Lub Ib Hlis 17, 2023) qhia hauvTable 3, qhov nruab nrab influent TN thiab NH4+-N concentrations yog 36.56 mg/L thiab 32.47 mg/L, feem. NH4+-N suav rau 88.81% ntawm TN. Influent NO3--N (0.01 mg/L) yuav luag tsis pom zoo. Qhov nruab nrab effluent TN thiab NH4+-N concentrations yog 11.69 mg/L thiab 3.5 mg/L, raws li, ob qho tib si ua tau raws qib A tus qauv ntawm DB 34/3527-2019. Qhov nruab nrab effluent NO3--N concentration yog 6.03 mg / L, qhia tias muaj peev xwm nitrification zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem no, hloov NH4+-N rau NO3--N. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib sau ntawm NO3--N nyob rau hauv cov effluent qhia tias tseem muaj chaw rau denitrification ntxiv. Raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 5 (a), TN tshem tawm yog qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv ntu A2O. Lub baffled anaerobic-anoxic contact tank muaj qhov nruab nrab TN tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 44.25%, thiab aerobic MBBR tank muaj qhov nruab nrab TN tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 9.55%. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm nitrifying kab mob hauv thaj chaw aerobic thiab denitrifying cov kab mob hauv thaj chaw anoxic. Cov pa roj carbon-raws li cov av ntub dej muaj qhov nruab nrab TN tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 11.07%, vim tias nws muaj peev xwm tso cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab nws qhov chaw anaerobic / anoxic yog qhov tsim nyog rau denitrification, tswj kom muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov nitrogen. Lub submerged cog ecological pas dej muaj qhov nruab nrab TN tshem tawm tus nqi tsuas yog 3.54%, nrog rau kev tshem tawm dav dav, vim nws qhov chaw aerobic tsis zoo rau denitrification. Raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 5 (b), NH4+-N tshem tawm feem ntau ua tiav hauv ntu A2O. Lub baffled anaerobic - anoxic contact tank muaj NH4+-N tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 59.46%, thiab aerobic MBBR tank muaj NH4+-N tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 24.24%. Tshooj A2O suav txog 93.57% ntawm tag nrho NH4+-N tshem tawm. High NH4+-N tshem tawm hauv ntu A2O yog vim muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua hauv lub tank aerobic MBBR, tso cai rau cov kab mob nitrifying kom siv tag nrho DO los hloov NH4+-N rau NO3--N. Qhov no yog tom qab ntawd rov mus rau lub tank anoxic, qhov twg cov kab mob denitrifying hloov NO3--N rau N2 rau kev tshem tawm. Thaum lub sijhawm xeem, qhov nruab nrab TN tshem tawm tus nqi yog 68.40%, thiab qhov nruab nrab NH4+-N tshem tawm tus nqi yog 89.45%, qhia tias kev tshem tawm nitrogen zoo.
Raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 3, raws li dej kub poob los ntawm 32℃mus rau 0 degree, TN tshem tawm tus nqi txo los ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 79.19% mus rau 51.38%. Ua ke nrogDaim duab 5 (a), when water temperature was >20 degree, qhov nruab nrab TN tshem tawm tus nqi siab tshaj 75%, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab effluent concentration ntawm 8.41 mg / L, vim hais tias microbial kev ua tau siab dua nyob rau hauv 20 ~ 32℃ntau, ua rau kom zoo denitrification, raws li kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Zhang Na li al. Thaum dej kub poob ntawm 20℃mus rau 5 degree, qhov nruab nrab TN tshem tawm tus nqi txo mus rau 65.44%, thiab qhov nruab nrab effluent concentration nce mus rau 12.70 mg / L. Thaum dej kub yog 0 ~ 5 degree, qhov nruab nrab TN tshem tawm tus nqi txo mus rau 52.75%, thiab qhov nruab nrab effluent concentration nce mus rau 17.62 mg / L, qhia txog qee yam cuam tshuam rau TN tshem tawm. Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias thaum dej kub txo, kev ua haujlwm microbial yog inhibited. Thaum dej kub<5.6°C, microorganisms are basically dormant, and population numbers sharply decrease, limiting pollutant degradation. When water temperature <4°C, microorganisms begin to die. However, in this process, even when water temperature dropped to 0°C, the TN removal rate still reached 51.52%, and effluent always met the Grade A standard of DB 34/3527-2019. This is because the IFAS system in the A2O section maintained high biomass concentration. During the test period, MLSS concentration in the baffled anaerobic-anoxic contact tank and aerobic MBBR tank reached 6,000~8,000 mg/L. Additionally, recirculation of nitrified liquid further enhanced denitrification. Furthermore, wastewater passed sequentially through the limestone, zeolite, and sludge biochar filler zones of the subsurface flow wetland, where anaerobic and aerobic reactions occurred simultaneously. Various organics adsorbed on filler surfaces and the slow-release of carbon sources from biochar filler promoted denitrification, further enhancing nitrogen removal. Research indicates that biochar can increase the abundance and diversity of denitrifying microorganisms in wetlands. Also, due to its structure, subsurface flow wetlands have some thermal insulation effect, helping maintain internal microbial activity. Under the influence of multiple factors, the combined process exhibited strong resistance to low-temperature shock, maintaining over 50% TN removal even at 0°C. In summary, when water temperature is >5 degree, TN tshem tawm kev ua tau zoo, nrog cov dej ntws ruaj khov qis dua 15 mg / L. Nyob rau ntawm lub sijhawm no, xav txog lwm yam kev tshem tawm cov pa phem, lub peev xwm kho dej khib nyiab tuaj yeem tsim nyog ntxiv.
Raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 3, raws li dej kub maj mam txo, NH4+-N tshem tawm tus nqi txo los ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 99.52% mus rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 74.77%, thiab cov dej ntws NH4+-N concentration tau nce los ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 0.17 mg / L rau 8.40 mg / L. Txo dej kub inhibits kev ua ntawm nitrifying thiab nitritifying kab mob, txo NH4+-N removal. However, when water temperature >12 degree, qhov nruab nrab effluent NH4+-N concentration yog 1.58 mg/L. Thaum dej kub tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 12 degree, qhov nruab nrab effluent NH4+-N concentration tau nce mus rau 6.58 mg / L, tab sis effluent NH4+-N ib txwm ua tau raws qib A tus qauv ntawm DB 34/3527-2019. Thaum dej kub yog 20 ~ 32 degree, qhov nruab nrab NH4+-N tshem tawm tus nqi siab tshaj 96%. Ua ke nrogDaim duab 5 (b), NH effluent4+-N concentration qis dua 2 mg/L hauv qhov ntau, qhia tias muaj cov kab mob nitrifying siab thiab zoo tag nrho NH4+-N tshem tawm. Thaum dej kub maj mam txo los ntawm 20℃mus rau 12 degree, qhov nruab nrab NH4+-N removal rate still exceeded 90%, showing good removal, as research indicates water temperature >12℃yog haum rau nitrifying kab mob loj hlob, txhawb nitrification. Yog li ntawd, NH4+-N tau khaws cov kev tshem tawm siab hauv 12 ~ 20℃ntau. Thaum dej kub maj mam txo los ntawm 12℃mus rau 0 degree, qhov nruab nrab NH4+-N tus nqi tshem tawm tseem mus txog 80%. Cov kev tshawb fawb uas twb muaj lawm qhia tau hais tias cov kab mob nitrifying yuav luag tsis muaj peev xwm nitrification ntawm 0℃. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no qhia tau tias txawm tias nyob ntawm 0 degree, NH4+-N tshem tawm tus nqi siab tshaj 75%, qhia txog kev ua tau zoo nitrification ntawm cov txheej txheem no ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov no yog vim hais tias IFAS system nyob rau hauv A2O-MBBR seem ntawm txoj kev tshawb no muaj ib tug ntev biofilm sludge muaj hnub nyoog txog li 1 lub hlis, ua tus nqi nitrification nyob rau hauv lub biochemical tank tsis tshua muaj cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tshaj li ib txwm activated sludge txheej txheem, ho txhim kho nitrification kev ua tau zoo thaum lub caij ntuj no kub. Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Wei Xiaohan et al. kuj qhia tias lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau tsis yog -ua raws NH4+-N effluent nyob rau hauv cov dej uas tsis kub kub yog tsis txaus activated sludge hnub nyoog, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm nitrifier kev ua ub no. Yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias txo qis dej kub cuam tshuam rau nitrifier kev ua haujlwm rau qee qhov, lub hnub nyoog txaus sludge hauv cov txheej txheem no tau ua kom NH.4+-N tshem tawm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum lub sij hawm xeem, qhov nruab nrab effluent NH4+-N concentration yog 3.50 mg / L, thiab cov txheej txheem ua ke tau pom zoo thiab ruaj khov nitrification kev ua tau zoo.
2.2.3 Phosphorus Tshem Tawm Kev Ua Haujlwm
Raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 3, TP tshem tawm tus nqi sib txawv me ntsis nrog cov dej kub hloov, qhov ruaj khov siab tshaj 94%. Ua ke nrogDaim duab 6, influent TP concentration ranges ntawm 3.03 ~ 4.14 mg/L, thiab TP concentration ranges ntawm 0.14 ~ 0.28 mg/L, ua tau raws qib A tus qauv ntawm DB 34/3527-2019. Cov txheej txheem no tso siab rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tshem tawm phosphorus lom (los ntawm PAOs) thiab tshuaj phosphorus tshem tawm (los ntawm PAC). Thaum dej kub txo, PAO kev ua haujlwm yog inhibited, cuam tshuam rau kev tshem tawm cov phosphorus lom. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem no ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj phosphorus tshem tawm los ntawm kev noj tshuaj 3.7 g / d ntawm PAC, tswj kom ruaj khov TP tshem tawm tus nqi thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm dej kub hloov ntawm phosphorus tshem tawm hauv cov txheej txheem ua ke. A2O chav tsev muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws TP tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm. Cov anaerobic{23}}anoxic unit effluent nruab nrab TP concentration yog 2.48 mg / L, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm 32.61%. Aerobic unit effluent nruab nrab TP concentration yog 0.29 mg / L, nrog rau kev tshem tawm ntawm 59.51%. Tag nrho TP tshem tawm tus nqi rau chav A2O yog 92.12%. Txoj kev tsim baffled ntawm A2O-MBBR seem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov nitrate nitrogen ntau hauv cov cawv sib xyaw ua ke, tso cai rau anaerobic PAOs tso phosphorus ntau dua nyob rau hauv ntu anaerobic thiab nqus phosphorus ntau dua hauv ntu aerobic, txhim kho kev tshem tawm phosphorus lom. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj phosphorus los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm ib sab ntawm lub aerobic MBBR tank tswj qhov ruaj khov TP tshem tawm tus nqi, nrog cov dej ntws zoo ruaj khov zoo dua li Qib A tus qauv ntawm DB 34/3527-2019. Kev tshem tawm cov phosphorus lom hauv ntu A2O-MBBR feem ntau tshwm sim thaum PAOs nyob rau hauv lub baffled anaerobic tank siv cov pa roj carbon los hloov ib feem ntawm cov organic teeb meem thiab volatile fatty acids rau hauv polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Thaum cov dej khib nyiab ntws los ntawm lub baffled anaerobic tank mus rau aerobic MBBR tank, PAOs ces siv PHAs li electron pub los ua kom tiav phosphorus uptake. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshem tawm cov phosphorus lom tau yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm PAO kev ua haujlwm, thiab dej kub tsis tshua muaj kev txwv PAO kev ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, kom ua tiav qhov kev tshem tawm phosphorus ruaj khov, tshuaj phosphorus tshem tawm tau muab tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov adsorption los ntawm cov txheej txheem substrate nyob rau hauv cov pa roj carbon-based subsurface ntws ntub dej thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag submerged hauv lub pas dej ecological kuj nqus tau qee cov phosphorus.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm ruaj khov thaum lub sijhawm sim, nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo tag nrho cov pa phem tshem tawm. A2O-MBBR + CWs cov txheej txheem ua ke ua tiav qhov nruab nrab tshem tawm ntawm 68.40%, 89.45%, 73.94%, thiab 94.04% rau TN, NH4+-N, COD, thiab TP, feem. Qhov nruab nrab effluent concentrations yog 11.69 mg/L, 3.50 mg/L, 26.9 mg/L, thiab 0.22 mg/L, raws li, txhua tus ua tau raws qib A tus qauv ntawm DB 34/3527-2019. Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Wu Qiong et al. qhia tau hais tias A2O-MBBR yog cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov sludge thiab biofilm, uas muaj cov microbial loj, muaj hnub nyoog sludge, siab ntim ntim, ntim me me thiab hneev taw, muaj zog tiv thaiv kev poob siab, zoo effluent zoo, thiab ruaj khov ua haujlwm. Ntxiv mus, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem biofilm nyob rau lub caij ntuj no yog qhov zoo dua li cov txheej txheem sludge, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab qis hauv lub caij ntuj no. Qhov no kuj yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev tshem tawm cov pa phem zoo ntawm A2O-MBBR seem hauv txoj kev tshawb no. A2O-MBBR + CWs ua ke cov txheej txheem hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntxiv CWs polishing kho thaj chaw raws li txheej txheem A2O-MBBR, ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua kom huv tag nrho thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem. Kev tshem tawm TN thiab NH4+-N tau cuam tshuam tsawg dua los ntawm kev hloov pauv dej raws caij nyoog, thaum kev tshem tawm COD thiab TP yuav luag tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm cov dej kub raws caij nyoog. Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, nws pom muaj zog tiv thaiv kev poob siab, ua rau nws tsim nyog siv rau hauv cov chaw nyob deb nroog nrog kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov dej khib nyiab hauv tsev thiab ntau.
2.3 Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Lag Luam ntawm Kev Sib Koom Tes
Cov nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem ua ke no feem ntau suav nrog cov nqi tsim kho thiab cov nqi kho dej khib nyiab. Cov nqi tsim kho yog rau kev teeb tsa kev sim, suav nrog kev yuav lub tank lub cev, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntxiv, xov xwm, cov nroj tsuag hauv dej, thiab cov yeeb nkab fittings, tag nrho kwv yees li 3,000 CNY. Raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws kev kho cov dej khib nyiab thaum lub sij hawm sim ntawm 0.18 m³ / d, tus nqi tsim kho ib m³ ntawm cov dej khib nyiab kho yog kwv yees li 16,700 CNY. Cov nqi khiav lag luam feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev teeb tsa, suav nrog cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob, cov nqi tshuaj, cov nqi pov tseg, thiab nqi zog. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj xws li: lub twj tso kua mis pub (lub zog 2 W, Q{10}} m³ / d), lub twj tso kua mis rov ua haujlwm (lub zog 2 W, Q=2.8 m³ / d), aerator (lub zog 5 W, aeration rate=5} L / min), thiab peristaltic dosing twj tso kua mis (lub zog 2 W). Muab xam raws li qhov tseeb siv zog: pub twj tso kua mis 0.13 W, recirculation twj tso kua mis 0.19 W, aerator 1.25 W, dosing twj tso kua mis 2 W. Tag nrho cov kev siv tiag tiag zog yog 0.00357 kW, niaj hnub siv zog 0.086 kWh. Kev siv hluav taws xob ib m³ ntawm cov dej khib nyiab kho yog 0.48 kWh. Siv cov nqi hluav taws xob ntawm 0.7 CNY / kWh, tus nqi hluav taws xob yog 0.33 CNY / m³. PAC cov nqi tshuaj yog kwv yees li 2.4 CNY / kg, siv 3.7 g / d. PAC xav tau ib m³ ntawm cov dej khib nyiab yog 20.56 g, tus nqi 0.05 CNY / m³. Sludge pov tseg nqi=sludge kom muaj nuj nqis × unit ntim sludge pov tseg nqi. Qhuav sludge ntau lawm ib tuj dej yog 0.09 kg. Raws li lub nroog WWTP sludge tsheb thauj mus los thiab pov tseg chav tsev nqi ntawm 60 CNY / tuj, sludge pov tseg nqi ib tuj dej=0.09 kg × 0.06 CNY / kg=0.054 CNY. Txij li kev teeb tsa kev tsav tsheb tsuas yog xav tau kev tshuaj xyuas ib ntus tom qab ua haujlwm, tus nqi ua haujlwm tau kwv yees raws li kev paub txog engineering. Ib 10,000-tuj ib hnub cog yog ua los ntawm 1 ~ 2 tus neeg. Piv txwv tias ib tus neeg cov nyiaj hli yog 3,000 CNY / hli, rau 2 tus neeg, qhov ntsuas tus nqi zog yog kwv yees li 0.02 CNY / tuj dej. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus nqi muaj nyob hauvRooj 4. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, tus nqi kho mob yog kwv yees li 0.46 CNY / m³. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum muaj peev xwm kho cov dej khib nyiab nce, kev tsim kho thiab kev ua haujlwm tus nqi ib tuj dej yuav txo qis. Cov nqi tsim kho thiab kev ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm sim ua haujlwm tsuas yog siv rau kev siv xwb.
3. Cov lus xaus
Cov txheej txheem A2O-MBBR + CWs ua ke tau pom tias muaj kev ua tau zoo rau kev kho dej khib nyiab nyob deb nroog. Kev tshem tawm TP thiab COD feem ntau tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kev hloov dej kub. Qhov nruab nrab tshem tawm tus nqi rau TN, NH4+-N, TP, and COD reached 68.4%, 89.45%, 94.02%, and 73.94%, respectively. When water temperature ≤5°C, effluent quality stably met the Grade A standard of DB 34/3527-2019. When water temperature >5 degree, effluent zoo tuaj yeem ua tau raws li Qib A tus qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002 "Tshaj Tawm Tus Qauv ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob rau Kev Kho Dej Hauv Nroog". Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem siv tau cov teeb meem organic hauv lub cev ua cov pa roj carbon monoxide los txhim kho denitrification, tswj kev tshem tawm ntau dua 50% TN txawm tias dej kub qis li 0 degree.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev kho dej khib nyiab muaj peev xwm rau A2O-MBBR + CWs ua ke txheej txheem nyob rau lub caij ntuj no yog 120 L / d, thiab 180 L / d nyob rau hauv tsis yog - lub caij ntuj no. Kev hloov pauv dej raws caij nyoog (maj mam txo los ntawm 32℃mus rau 0 degree) tsuas yog muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau kev tshem tawm nitrogen los ntawm cov txheej txheem ua ke. TN tshem tawm tus nqi txo los ntawm 79.19% rau 51.38%, thiab NH4+-N tshem tawm tus nqi txo los ntawm 99.52% rau 74.77%. Txawm tias nyob rau ntawm 0 degree, effluent zoo ruaj khov raws li Qib A tus qauv ntawm DB 34/3527-2019, thiab NH4+-N tus nqi tshem tawm tseem mus txog 74.77%. Qhov no tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm IFAS system, qhov twg lub hnub nyoog sludge txog li 1 lub hlis ua kom muaj nitrification ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ruaj khov thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, pom muaj zog tiv thaiv dej kub hloov pauv.
Txoj kev ua ntej A2O-MBBR txheej txheem siv ob hom kev tshem tawm cov khoom siv biofilm rau microbial txuas, tsim ib qho IFAS system. Cov pa roj carbon-raws li subsurface flow wetland siv ntau yam xov xwm sau nrog rau cov sludge biochar, limestone, thiab zeolite, txhim kho nws cov kev ua tau zoo pom thaum muab cov kab txuas ntxiv rau cov kab mob, txhim kho nws txoj kev kho mob lom. Kev ua ntej A2O-MBBR txheej txheem nrog IFAS muaj biomass concentration siab. Lub rear CWs composite wetland ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug polishing kev kho mob theem, ntxiv kho cov dej khib nyiab, ua rau lub zuag qhia tag nrho lawv resistant rau shock loads.
A2O-MBBR + CWs cov txheej txheem ua ke yog tsim nyog rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab hauv cov neeg nyob deb nroog uas muaj qhov hloov pauv loj hauv qhov zoo thiab muaj nuj nqis. Nws ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab ua tau zoo, nrog tus nqi kho mob kwv yees li 0.46 CNY / m³. Ntxiv mus, A2O-MBBR+CWs txheej txheem ntu tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li cov qauv sib txawv, cov xwm txheej, thiab cov hom phiaj. Cov txheej txheem ua ke no tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab lub hauv paus rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab nyob deb nroog hauv Suav teb, muab txoj hauv kev siv cov peev txheej rau cov khib nyiab pov tseg hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog, thiab muaj kev lag luam dav siv peev xwm raws li lub teb chaws sib txawv ntawm (yuav hais txog kev txhim kho ntawm cov neeg nyob deb nroog ib puag ncig zoo.