Kev soj ntsuam ntawm 10-Xyoo Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm MBBR txheej txheem hauv Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant
Muaj peev xwm nthuav dav thiab txhim kho tau ib txwm yog cov ntsiab lus kub hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab. Rau kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab, cov txheej txheem tshiab yuav tsum tsis yog kom muaj kev kho mob siab xwb tab sis kuj muaj kev poob siab zoo thiab qhov ua tau ntawm -situ retrofitting. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) yog qhov kev xaiv zoo. Cov txheej txheem no ntxiv cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm hauv -situ rau hauv lub tank lom neeg kom txhawb nqa biofilm, yog li ua tiav kev tshem tawm cov pa phem. Nws muaj qhov zoo xws li kev kho mob siab, muaj zog poob siab, thiab hneev taw me me. Txij li thaum muaj kev vam meej ntawm kev siv MBBR rau Class A kev kho dua tshiab hauv Wuxi Lucun Wastewater Treatment Plant xyoo 2008, lub peev xwm kho cov dej khib nyiab siv cov txheej txheem MBBR hauv Suav teb tau tshaj 35 lab m³ / d, thiab nws tau siv dav hauv cov teb xws li kev txhim kho, muaj peev xwm nthuav dav, kho dua tshiab + peev xwm nthuav dav, siab -kev kho dej, micropollute, thiab qhov chaw{ff} kev kho mob ua paug.
Raws li lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab uas tau hloov kho dua tshiab, Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant thawj zaug tau txais cov txheej txheem MBBR rau kev kho dua tshiab hauv xyoo 2010, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov txheej txheem MBBR rau kev nthuav dav hauv xyoo 2015. Raws li ntau tshaj 10 xyoo ntawm MBBR cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm hauv Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant, daim ntawv no muaj peev xwm qhia txog cov khoom siv tshiab, thiab lwm yam. kev kho dua tshiab, thiab nthuav dav ntawm lwm cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab.
1 Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant
Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant yog nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm ntug dej ntawm Licunhe River, Shibei District, Qingdao City. Thaum kawg ntawm 2020, tag nrho cov peev txheej kho tau mus txog 250,000 m³ / d. Tus tsim muaj peev xwm thiab effluent zoo yog qhia nyob rau hauvTable 1.
| Tab.1 Tsim muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm Licunhe Kev kho dej khib nyiab |
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| Unit: mg/L | ||
| Parameter | Design Influent/ (mg·L⁻¹) |
Design Effluent / (mg·L⁻¹) |
| BOD ₅ | 500 | 6 |
| COD | 900 | 30 |
| SS | 750 | 10 |
| TP | 13 | 0.3 |
| NH₃-N | 58 | 1.5 (2) |
| TN | 80 | 15 |
Txij li thaum nws tsim kho, cov nroj tsuag tau ua tiav peb qhov kev txhim kho / peev xwm nthuav dav, txhua qhov ua tiav hauv -situ hauv cov nroj tsuag yam tsis tau nthuav dav. Cov chaw hauv cov nroj tsuag tau muab faib ua peb theem. Tag nrho cov peev txheej kho mob ntawm Phase I thiab II yog 170,000 m³ / d, thiab tom qab nthuav dav hauv xyoo 2015, qhov kev kho mob tau mus txog 205,000 m³ / d. Theem III tau rhuav tshem, kho dua tshiab, thiab tsim kho tshiab ntawm qhov chaw qub hauv xyoo 2015, nrog kev kho mob muaj peev xwm ntawm 45,000 m³ / d.
The technical route for upgrading and the technical route for upgrading the biological tank of Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant: In 2010, the plant underwent its first upgrading, requiring effluent ammonia nitrogen, TP, SS, COD, and BOD₅ to be upgraded from the Class II standard of the "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant" (GB 18918-2002) to the Class A standard. Due to land constraints, only in-situ upgrading technology could be selected. At that time, there was little experience to draw on. Ultimately, the MBBR process was selected for the biological section to enhance nitrogen removal, and an advanced treatment system was added to meet the requirements for SS and TP removal. The core goal of this upgrading was to control ammonia nitrogen, so suspended carriers were added in part of the aerobic zone. The effective specific surface area of the suspended carriers was >450 m²/m³, and the filling ratios for Phase I and II were 40% and 48%, respectively. Using MBBR for upgrading was simple, easy, convenient, reliable, and the effect was stable. In 2015, the plant underwent its second renovation. The treatment capacity was increased from 170,000 m³/d to 250,000 m³/d. At the same time, all core indicators including TN were required to meet the Class A standard, and through optimized operation control, further meet the quasi-Class IV surface water standard. Considering the smooth connection with the existing process and the smoothness of the upgrading, as well as the comprehensive investment and operating costs, the MBBR technical route was ultimately continued. The core goal of this upgrading was to control ammonia nitrogen and TN while increasing the treatment capacity. On one hand, to address TN compliance, the biological section was upgraded from the traditional A²/O process to the Bardenpho process. By adding a post-anoxic zone, the limitation of the recirculation ratio on TN removal was overcome, ensuring stable effluent TN compliance. On the other hand, to address the ammonia nitrogen issue, Phase I and II supplemented the aerobic MBBR zone with suspended carriers having an effective specific surface area >800 m²/m³. Phase III was a new project, adding suspended carriers with an effective specific surface area >800 m² / m³ ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 48%. Hauv xyoo 2020, cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li quasi-Class IV tus qauv dej saum npoo av, thiab cov dej ntws tau siv los ua ecological replenishment dej rau Licunhe River. Txij li thaum seem kev lom neeg twb tau txiav txim siab tag nrho raws li qhov quasi-Class IV nto dej tus qauv thaum lub sij hawm thib ob renovation, qhov kev kho dua tshiab no tsis hloov lub tank lom. Tsuas yog ntxiv "air flotation + ozone advanced oxidation" nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob siab heev kom ruaj khov effluent zoo ua raws.
Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant tau txais cov txheej txheem MBBR rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv. Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem kev sib txawv, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog tib yam: ntxiv cov neeg nqa khoom tshem tawm mus rau thaj chaw aerobic, siv qhov zoo ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kab mob autotrophic los txhim kho cov txheej txheem nitrification; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ua kom tag nrho qhov zoo ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm hauv thaj chaw aerobic los ntawm kev nce qhov sib piv lossis siv cov neeg nqa khoom tshem tawm nrog qhov loj dua qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj chaw, ua kom lub ntim ntim ntim, txuag aerobic cheeb tsam ntim, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov ntim aerobic khaws cia rau lub pre-anoxic zone} los ntawm kev xa tawm, tab sis 2 TN tshem tawm.
Raws li kev txhim kho tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag, kev ua haujlwm ntawm 2010 txog 2020 tau muab faib ua plaub theem. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua theem yog qhia hauvRooj 2. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm Table 2 tias cov dej ntws tawm hauv txhua theem tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov qauv tso tawm.
| Tab.2 Kev ua haujlwm cuam tshuam ntawm Licunhe kev kho dej khib nyiab ntawm ntau theem | ||||||||
| Theem | Sijhawm | Execution Standard | Cov txheej txheem biochemical | Kev kho muaj peev xwm (m³/d) |
Effluent BOD ₅ (mg / L) |
COD cov dej haus (mg / L) |
TP (mg / L) |
Cov kua dej SS (mg / L) |
| Theem I | 2010 | GB 18918-2002 Class II Standard |
A²/O-Activated Sludge | 164,169±29,448 | 7.60±3.10 | 44.83±4.55 | 1.31±0.63 | 9.49±4.27 |
| Theem II | 2011–2015 | Ib nrab ntsib GB 18918-2002 Class A Standard |
A²/O-MBBR | 174,504±25,125 | 4.00±1.46 | 26.87±14.25 | 0.20±0.45 | 6.60±2.67 |
| Theem III | 2016–2019 | GB 18918-2002 Class A Standard |
Bardenpho-MBBR | 196,542±26,794 | 3.02±0.72 | 19.18±5.85 | 0.13±0.07 | 5.51±1.42 |
| Theem IV | 2020 | GB 3838-2002 Quasi-Class IV Standard |
Bardenpho-MBBR | 182,669±17,235 | 2.60±0.55 | 19.51±6.16 | 0.13±0.07 | 6.31±1.55 |
2 Kev Ua Haujlwm Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm MBBR txheej txheem
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm MBBR txheej txheem yog nitrification thiab denitrification, thiab denitrification yog premised ntawm nitrification. Rau cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv nroog, hauv kev tswj xyuas tiag tiag, ua kom tau raws li cov qauv ntawm ammonia nitrogen yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim tias nitrification tau yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, poob siab loads, organic teeb meem, thiab lwm yam, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov dej tsis zoo.
2.1 Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Nitrification ua haujlwm
Kev ua raws li tus nqi ntawm ammonia nitrogen hauv plaub theem ua haujlwm tau qhia hauvDaim duab 1.
It can be seen from Figure 1 that in Stage I, based on the Class II effluent standard of the plant, the actual compliance rate of the Class A standard (ammonia nitrogen ≤5 mg/L) was 93.72%, and stable Class A standard operation could not be achieved. After the MBBR process renovation, the compliance rate of the Class A standard (ammonia nitrogen ≤5 mg/L) in Stage II increased to 99.18%. 0.82% of the ammonia nitrogen data were >5 mg / L, tab sis tseem tsawg dua 8 mg / L. Kev tshuaj xyuas qhia tias qhov no feem ntau yog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm qis - kub. Tom qab kev txhim kho ntxiv, kev ua raws li tus qauv A (ammonia nitrogen Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 5 mg / L) hauv theem III tau mus txog 100%, thiab kev ua raws li tus qauv IV (ammonia nitrogen tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 1.5 mg / L) ntawm "Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water" (GB 303.99%). Los ntawm Theem IV, cov effluent ammonia nitrogen yog (0.44 ± 0.28) mg / L, thiab kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem dej hauv chav kawm IV (ammonia nitrogen tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 1.5 mg / L) tau mus txog 100%. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab 1 tias los ntawm Theem I mus rau theem IV, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov nkhaus maj mam txav rov qab thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ammonia nitrogen tus nqi maj mam txo qis, qhia tias cov kua dej ammonia nitrogen ntawm lub cev muaj zog dua thiab kev poob siab load kuj muaj zog.
Lub Kaum Ob Hlis, Lub Ib Hlis, thiab Lub Ob Hlis ntawm txhua xyoo yog qhov qis - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Kev faib tawm ntawm effluent ammonia nitrogen nyob rau hauv plaub theem thaum lub sij hawm no yog qhia nyob rau hauvDaim duab 2. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab 2 tias los ntawm Theem I mus rau theem IV, qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov dej ammonia nitrogen maj mam hloov mus rau cov qauv siab dua, thiab qhov qis - qhov kub thiab txias ua rau muaj zog thiab muaj zog dua. Thaum lub sij hawm qhib sludge tswj theem (Theem I), qhov qis - qhov kub thiab txias tsis muaj zog, thiab cov dej ammonia nitrogen concentration hloov pauv tau zoo heev. Nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm, qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov dej ammonia nitrogen nyob rau theem II tsis muaj zog, thiab qhov qis -kub tsis kam ntawm lub kaw lus tau txhim kho. Nrog rau kev kho dua tshiab thib ob, tag nrho thaj chaw ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm tau nce ntxiv, cov kua dej ammonia nitrogen tau ruaj khov qis dua 5 mg / L, thiab Chav Kawm A ua raws li qhov system mus txog 100%. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv biofilm ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm maj mam loj hlob zuj zus, los ntawm Theem IV, qhov muaj peev xwm kho tau thiab qis - qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam ntawm lub kaw lus tau ntxiv dag zog ntxiv, thiab cov effluent ammonia nitrogen stably tau raws li Class IV nto dej tus qauv. Ib lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv Inner Mongolia, nyob rau lub caij ntuj no qis- qhov kub thiab txias (6-8 degree), siv cov txheej txheem MBBR, muaj qhov nruab nrab effluent ammonia nitrogen ntawm 1.5 mg / L, nrog rau ammonia nitrogen tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 94.2%, uas qhia tau hais tias tsis zoo - kub tsis kam. Lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv Tianjin tau siv cov txheej txheem MBBR los kho dua tshiab. Nyob rau hauv qis- qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 2-6 degree, tus nqi nitrification ntawm biofilm ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm yog 10 npaug ntawm cov activated sludge, kom ruaj khov ammonia nitrogen ua raws li qhov kub thiab txias. Los ntawm tag nrho qis-kub ua haujlwm ntawm plaub theem ntawm Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm tau ntxiv dag zog rau qhov qis - qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam ntawm lub kaw lus, ua kom ruaj khov effluent ua raws li nyob rau hauv lub xyoo.
Ntxiv nrog rau qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, lub kaw lus kuj nquag ntsib cov dej tsis zoo thiab muaj qhov poob siab (saibDaim duab 3), uas coj cov teeb meem loj rau kev ua raws li cov dej ntws ruaj khov. Lub zog ntws ntawm Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant qhia txog tus qauv ntawm "siab nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, qis hauv lub caij ntuj no". Lub caij ntuj sov feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm lub caij ntuj nag dej nyab thiab cov kav dej ua ke ua ke, nrog rau tag nrho cov kev cuam tshuam ib ntus dhau qhov tsim muaj peev xwm. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab 3 (a) tias txij lub Tsib Hlis 2013 txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2015, qhov muaj zog txaus ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsis tu ncua dhau ntawm tus nqi tsim, nrog tus nqi siab tshaj ze li 100%, kav ntev. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov effluent ammonia nitrogen yog (1.3 ± 0.3) mg / L, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab tshem tawm ntawm 96.4%, thiab cov nyhuv nitrification ntawm lub kaw lus ruaj khov. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab 3 (b) tias txij Lub Ib Hlis 2017 txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2020, cov dej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj heev, feem ntau yog tshwm sim hauv cov pa phem. Tus nqi siab tshaj ntawm BOD₅ mus txog 29.17%, thiab qhov ua tau zoo tshaj ntawm TN tau mus txog 31.25%. Qhov tseeb influent ammonia nitrogen / TN<0.5, resulting in a large ammonification load of organic nitrogen and a large nitrification load of ammonia nitrogen, bringing great challenges to the stable compliance of the plant. Through optimized operation control, measures such as increasing the system dissolved oxygen were adopted to ensure that the effluent ammonia nitrogen was (0.8±0.6) mg/L, achieving stable compliance discharge.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem activated sludge, qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha ntawm cov organic cuam tshuam yog tias lub peev xwm nitrification ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog, thiab lub sijhawm rov qab yog ntev. Rau cov txheej txheem MBBR, txij li cov kab mob ua lub luag haujlwm rau nitrification feem ntau yog enriched nyob rau hauv biofilm ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm, cov kev tsis zoo ntawm nitrification tshwm sim los ntawm activated sludge tswj tau zoo txo, tiv thaiv tsis tau cov kab mob nitrifying thiab kom ruaj khov ammonia nitrogen ua raws. Huang Qing et al. pom tias ua ntej thiab tom qab kev poob siab organic, tus nqi nitrification ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm tsis raug cuam tshuam, thaum lub nitrification tus nqi ntawm cov activated sludge txo los ntawm 44% tom qab poob siab. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias cov txheej txheem MBBR muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau cov dej tsis zoo thiab muaj qhov poob siab.
2.2 Kev sib piv ntawm TN tshem tawm cov nyhuv ua ntej thiab tom qab kho dua tshiab
Qhov kev kho TN ntawm cov nroj tsuag los ntawm 2010 txog 2020 tau qhia hauvDaim duab 4. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab 4 tias ua ntej xyoo 2015, cov dej ntws tawm TN yog (19.62 ± 4.63) mg / L, nrog TN tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm 67.6%. Tau ntsib TN kev ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau theem III thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm cov neeg muaj zog TN, cov txheej txheem Bardenpho tau siv los rov- faib qhov qub A² / O ntim, ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem tawm TN siab. Nyob rau theem III, cov dej ntws tawm TN tau nqis mus rau (7.75 ± 2.60) mg / L, ua tiav tag nrho quasi-Class IV cov dej ntws tawm saum npoo av. Yog li ntawd, thaum kho dua tshiab rau quasi{13}}Class IV cov qauv dej saum npoo av hauv xyoo 2020, lub tank lom tsis tau hloov kho. Vim tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Bardenpho txheej txheem hauv TN tswj, nrog rau cov txheej txheem nruj ntxiv rau cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab, cov txheej txheem Bardenpho tau dhau los siv ntau dua. Piv txwv li, lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv Zhejiang siv cov txheej txheem Bardenpho muaj qhov nruab nrab TN ntawm 8.43 mg / L, ruaj khov ua tau raws li "Txoj Cai Tso Cai ntawm Cov Dej Loj Loj rau Kev Kho Dej Hauv Nroog" (DB33/2169-2018). Ib lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv Tianjin siv cov txheej txheem Bardenpho muaj qhov nruab nrab TN ntawm 6.82 mg / L, ruaj khov ua tau raws li Chav Kawm A tus qauv ntawm "Kev Tso Cai Ntawm Cov Pua paug rau Kev Kho Dej Hauv Nroog" (DB12/599-2015).
3 MBBR Cov Khoom Siv Tshwj Xeeb thiab Kev Tu
3.1 Suspended Carriers
Cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev txhawb nqa biofilm thiab ua tiav cov pa phem tshem tawm. Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant siv SPR series ca cylindrical suspended carriers, ua los ntawm siab -density polyethylene (HDPE), nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm (25 ± 0.5) mm thiab qhov siab ntawm (10 ± 1) mm. Raws li hnub sau ntawv, qhov ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm ntxiv tau ua haujlwm rau ntau tshaj 10 xyoo, ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg biochemical. Tsis muaj kev hloov lossis ntxiv tau ua thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Hauv kev xyaum ua haujlwm engineering, qhov project txawv teb chaws ntxov tshaj plaws siv cov neeg nqa khoom ntshiab HDPE tshem tawm tau ua haujlwm ruaj khov rau 31 xyoo, thiab Wuxi Lucun Wastewater Treatment Plant hauv Suav teb kuj tau ua haujlwm rau 14 xyoo nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Lub neej ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm tsis yog tsuas yog pab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm MBBR txheej txheem tab sis kuj zam cov nqi khiav lag luam tom qab. Ib qho - lub sij hawm nqis peev tuaj yeem tswj tau ntev - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ruaj khov.
SPR series tshem tawm cov neeg nqa khoom ntawm Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant suav nrog SPR-Ⅰ, SPR-Ⅱ, thiab SPR-Ⅲ, raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 5. Qhov tseem ceeb parameter, muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb thaj chaw, maj mam nce. Kwv yees li ib lub lis piam tom qab ntxiv cov cab cab uas raug tshem tawm, ib qho biofilm txuas, tshwm lub teeb daj. Raws li lub kaw lus ua haujlwm, biofilm maj mam loj hlob, feem ntau yog xim av. Cov xim ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm yog feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov dej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, cov txheej txheem substrate concentration, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, thaj tsam ntxiv, thiab lwm yam. Qee cov ntawv tshaj tawm kuj qhia daj lossis xim dub, tab sis qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cov biofilm ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj cov kab mob nitrifying, nce mus txog ntau dua 23%, uas yog ntau dua 15 npaug ntawm cov activated sludge, lees paub qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho nitrification los ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm ntawm qib microbial. Qhov zoo ntawm thaj chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm peb hom kev tshem tawm cov cab kuj maj mam nce, txhais tau hais tias nyob rau hauv tib qhov sib piv, qhov kev kho mob ntawm ib chav tsev ntim yuav muaj zog thiab muaj zog dua. Qhov no kuj yog lub hauv paus rau kev nthuav dav ntxiv thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem MBBR yav tom ntej. Ib qho ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam ntawm cov txheej txheem MBBR yog los tsim cov neeg nqa khoom uas raug tshem tawm nrog qhov loj dua qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj chaw, tab sis nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam tsis xws li qhov tsis muaj qhov sib piv thiab phab ntsa tuab kom tiv thaiv ib qho - ib sab nce.
3.2 Qhov screen
Cov ntxaij vab tshaus yog qhov tseem ceeb los ua kom ntseeg tau qhov kev txhawb nqa tshwj xeeb ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem MBBR. Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant thawj zaug siv stainless hlau cov ntxaij vab tshaus nrog lub thickness ntawm 3 hli. Tom qab 5 xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm, kev tshem tawm cov cab kuj tau tshwm sim. Qhov teeb meem tau kho raws sijhawm los ntawm kev tsim kho hauv qab dej, thiab tom qab ntawd 5 hli tuab stainless hlau cov ntxaij vab tshaus tau siv. Tom qab 3 xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm, kev tshem tawm cov cab kuj tau tshwm sim dua. Ob qhov dej xau tau muaj lub neej luv dua li qhov xav tau. Kev tsom xam ntawm qhov laj thawj feem ntau yog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig. Cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm inorganic xuab zeb thiab gravel nyob rau hauv lub zog, ua ke nrog cov teebmeem ntawm cavitation, electrochemical corrosion, acid thiab alkali corrosion, accelerated lub hnav ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus. Yuav kom daws tau qhov teeb meem, cov chaw tsim khoom tau hloov kho cov ntxaij hlau tsis muaj steel hlau uas muaj siab hnav rau cov khoom tsis yog{12}}hlau hnav- cov khoom siv tiv taus. Cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom tsis yog-hlau hnav- cov khoom siv tiv taus yog li 1/12 txog 1/6 ntawm ntau hom stainless hlau. Qhov me dua qhov coj ntsuas, qhov zoo dua qhov hnav tsis kam; nws kuj zam qhov teeb meem ntawm kev hnav ntau ntxiv los ntawm electrochemical corrosion ntawm stainless hlau. Piv nrog rau cov ntxaij hlau stainless, tsis yog-hlau hnav- cov ntxaij vab tshaus tiv taus muaj lub neej ntev, mus txog ntau dua 30 xyoo, thiab tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem MBBR zoo dua.
3.3 Mixers
Cov khoom sib tov yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob fluidization rau cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm. Thaum lub sij hawm thawj qhov kev kho dua tshiab ntawm Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant, thawb- cov khoom sib tov tau muab tso rau hauv thaj chaw aerobic MBBR los pab cov kua dej ntws tawm ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom, ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo engineering fluidization. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag, kev sib tsoo ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm thiab cov khoom sib xyaw, nrog rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom thauj khoom raug tshem tawm nyob ze ntawm cov hniav, yooj yim ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub tshuab tov khoom thiab hnav cov hniav, uas ua rau muaj kev saib xyuas siab thiab hloov cov nqi. Yog li ntawd, rau cov txheej txheem MBBR, thaj tsam aerobic yuav tsum ua ntej de-mixerized, thiab cov kua dej ntawm cov cab kuj yuav tsum tau ua tiav los ntawm aeration nkaus xwb. Rau thaj tsam anoxic, txij li lub tshuab tov khoom yog tib lub zog rau thaj tsam anoxic, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim cov khoom sib xyaw tshwj xeeb rau MBBR. Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qhov kev sib hloov ceev, cov duab, qhov curvature, thiab linear ceev ntawm sab nrauv ntawm cov hniav ntawm cov khoom sib tov, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, siv cov kev simulation rau kev tsim thiab kev txhim kho kom zoo. Hauv luv luv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom ua tiav qib qis -kev siv cov kua dej ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov khoom sib tov.
3.4 Fluidization Tank Configuration
Lub tank configuration ntawm MBBR txheej txheem yog ib tug ua tiav kev nthuav qhia ntawm lub influent thiab effluent system, aeration system, thiab fluidization system. Ob lub MBBR txheej txheem fluidization tank configurations ntawm Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant yog muaj nyob rau hauv daim duab 6. Nyob rau hauv 2010, qhov loj -scale MBBR mob nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj tsuas yog Wuxi Lucun Wastewater Treatment Plant thiab Jining Zhongshan Public Utilities Wastewater Treatment Plant. Thawj qhov kev kho dua tshiab ntawm Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant ua raws li tus qauv ntawm Wuxi Lucun Wastewater Treatment Plant, uas siv cov dej ntws ntws tawm. Lub circulating flow tank configuration zoo ib yam li "oxidation ditch", yuav tsum tau thawb-flow mixers nyob rau hauv lub ncua kev thauj mus los cheeb tsam. Cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm tsim ib kab rov tav circulating ntws nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua haujlwm ntawm aeration thiab tov khoom thawb. Qhov kev teeb tsa lub tank no kuj yog thawj zaug ua tiav kev teeb tsa lub tank rau cov txheej txheem MBBR. Lub micro- sib tov tank configuration tsis xav tau thawb{11}} ntws mixers; Lub fluidization ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm tsuas yog ua tiav los ntawm aeration. Los ntawm ib qho -sab influent thiab ib leeg - sab effluent, qhov khiav ceev ntawm cov dej hauv lub tank yog txo, thiab nrog rau kev tsim nyog aeration, cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm tuaj yeem tsim cov dej ntws ntsug hauv lub tank: sab sauv ntws los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov dej ntws mus rau qhov kawg ntawm cov dej ntws mus rau qhov kawg. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm, ob lub tank configurations yuav ua tau zoo fluidization ntawm tshem tawm cov cab kuj, xyuas kom meej cov nyhuv ntawm cov txheej txheem MBBR. Tus yuam sij rau daim ntawv thov ntawm micro-kev sib xyaw tank configuration yog kev npaj ntawm cov kav dej aeration thiab qhov sib xws ntawm kev faib tawm. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis yog{19}}fluidization ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm thiab luv luv -circuiting. Yog tias tsim nyog, simulation software yuav tsum tau siv los simulate hydraulic fluidization. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv kev tsim qauv, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los tswj lub perforated aeration thiab nplua - npuas aeration nrog cais blowers kom txo kev sib nrig sib cuam tshuam thiab txhim kho kev yooj yim ntawm kev tswj.
3.5 Kev khiav hauj lwm thiab kev tu
Lub hauv paus ntawm MBBR cov txheej txheem tswj yog cov kua dej ntawm cov khoom thauj uas raug tshem tawm. Fluidization yog lub hauv paus rau kev hloov pauv huab cua thiab oxygen hloov pauv ntawm cov biofilm ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm thiab yog tus yuam sij rau biofilm kom siv nws lub peev xwm tshem tawm cov pa phem. Rau kev saib xyuas ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam uas muaj cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm, cov twj tshwj xeeb feem ntau siv los hloov cov cab kuj mus rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam uas nyob ib sab lossis lwm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Tom qab kev saib xyuas tiav lawm, cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm rov qab. Thaum tshem tawm lub tank, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kua dej ua ntej thiab tom qab lub vijtsam thiab muab pov tseg kom zoo. Thaum pib thiab nres nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau kev pib lub aeration ua ntej thaum pib lub kaw lus, kom cov neeg nqa khoom raug tshem tawm yog fluidized ua ntej muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab rov ua dua tshiab; Thaum nres lub kaw lus, lub recirculation thiab influent yuav tsum tau muab tua ua ntej, thiab thaum kawg lub aeration yuav tsum tau muab tua. Lub hauv paus yog los xyuas kom meej cov neeg nqa khoom fluidization thiab tiv thaiv cov kua theem sib txawv ntawm qhov screen. Tam sim no, nrog rau kev txhim kho thiab kev ua haujlwm tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab dej rau cov txheej txheem MBBR, nws lub neej kev pabcuam tau txhim kho zoo, thiab cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem ua tiav ntev - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nyab xeeb yam tsis muaj kev saib xyuas. Cov txheej txheem MBBR tsis muaj cov cai nruj rau kev kho ua ntej. Lub vijtsam zoo siv rau kev kho ua ntej ntawm Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant muaj qhov sib nrug ntawm 5 hli, thiab tsis muaj qhov screen clogging los ntawm kev kho tsis zoo tau tshwm sim.
3.6 Kev Ua Tau Zoo ntawm Pure-Media MBBR
Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant tau txais kev kho dua tshiab MBBR hauv daim ntawv hauv -situ embedding, uas yog hybrid sludge-biofilm system. Raws li cov txheej txheem activated sludge txhim kho, txawm hais tias biofilm ntawm cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig siab - nplua nuj, siab - cov kab mob ua haujlwm, hauv cov kab ke hybrid, nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los them rau qhov kev kho tsis txaus ntawm cov sludge. Thaum ntxov li xyoo 2015, cov nroj tsuag tau pib tshawb xyuas qhov ua tau ntawm cov txheej txheem ntshiab -media MBBR. Txoj kev ntshiab -media MBBR txheej txheem tau siv los kho cov dej ntws ntawm cov dej hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tank rau kev sib sib zog nqus denitrification. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias cov khoom siv denitrification tuaj yeem ncav cuag 0.45 kg / (m³·d) nyob rau hauv qis- qhov kub thiab txias, thiab cov dej ntws TN tuaj yeem txo mus rau 5 mg / L, nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo. Tam sim no, muaj cov piv txwv engineering ntawm cov ntshiab -media MBBR cov txheej txheem siv rau hauv nroog kev kho dej khib nyiab, ua tiav cov qauv tso tawm siab hauv lub sijhawm luv hydraulic. Ntxiv mus, cov ntshiab- media MBBR txheej txheem tsis txhawb cov activated sludge, tsis tsuas yog tshem tawm qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov theem nrab sedimentation tso tsheb hlau luam, shortening txheej txheem ntws, tab sis kuj tsis txhob muaj teeb meem xws li sludge bulking. Kev tswj kev ua haujlwm yog yooj yim, muab cov tswv yim tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem kev xaiv rau kev kho dej khib nyiab. Qhov no kuj yog kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm cov txheej txheem MBBR.
4 Cov lus xaus thiab cov lus pom zoo
Licunhe Wastewater Treatment Plant hauv Qingdao tau siv cov txheej txheem MBBR rau ob qho hauv -situ renovation ntawm seem lom, ua tiav cov hom phiaj ntawm -situ upgrading thiab nthuav dav. Tus qauv tso tawm tau hloov kho dua tshiab los ntawm Chav Kawm II tus qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002 mus rau quasi-Class IV tus qauv dej saum npoo av, thiab kev kho mob tau nce los ntawm 170,000 m³ / d rau 250,000 m³ / d. Cov txheej txheem MBBR tau ua haujlwm rau 10 xyoo nrog kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Cov effluent ammonia nitrogen thiab TN mus txog (0.44 ± 0.28) mg / L thiab (7.75 ± 2.60) mg / L, feem. Lub peev xwm ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov kab mob nitrifying hauv biofilm ntawm cov nqa khoom raug tshem tawm yog lub hauv paus rau kev ua tau zoo nitrification ntawm MBBR, kom ntseeg tau tias cov txheej txheem MBBR muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau qhov kub thiab txias thiab dej tsis zoo thiab muaj nuj nqis. Lub hauv paus ntawm MBBR cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tswj xyuas kev tswj xyuas yog tswj cov kua dej ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom tshem tawm, uas yuav tsum muaj kev txhim khu kev qha thiab cov khoom siv txhawb nqa, muab cov kev xav tau siab dua ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.
Cov lus qhia kev txhim kho ntawm MBBR txheej txheem yog: ① Txhim kho cov neeg nqa khoom uas raug tshem tawm nrog qhov loj dua qhov tshwj xeeb saum npoo kom muaj peev xwm kho tau ib chav tsev ntim, ntxiv txo hneev taw lossis ua tiav kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv thiab nthuav dav; ② Siv ntau dua hnav- tiv thaiv tsis yog- xim hlau hnav- cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom siv los txhim kho kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm; ③ Tsim cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke los txhim kho lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov khoom sib tov thiab ua tiav cov khoom siv qis qis - haus dej; ④ Tsim kom muaj kev saib xyuas cov dej tsis siv neeg los hloov cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm tes thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab kev saib xyuas; ⑤ Txhim kho cov txheej txheem daim ntawv thov thiab siv cov txheej txheem biofilm ntshiab kom ua tau raws li kev xav tau ntau yam ntawm kev kho dej khib nyiab.