Kev tshawb fawb txog kev daws teeb meem rau Restoring the Treatment Capacity of a Resort Wastewater Treatment Station
Qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm ib puag ncig rau lub chaw so, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv nws txoj haujlwm ib txwm muaj. Vim muaj cov neeg tuaj ncig coob coob thiab muaj kev pabcuam ntau yam ntawm cov chaw so, cov dej khib nyiab tau hloov pauv ntau. Hauv particular, ntxhua khaub ncaws cov dej khib nyiab feem ntau pom muaj zog acidity, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg tom ntej. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau muaj kev nyuaj ntawm kev kho dej khib nyiab tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ib puag ncig. Tam sim no, lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv chaw ua si ntsib qhov kev sib tw ntawm kev kho kwv yees li 400 m³ / d ntawm cov dej khib nyiab ua ke. Txawm hais tias tus txheej txheem tsim yog tsim nyog, txwv lub peev xwm tank thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo / ntau qhov kev hloov pauv ntau tshaj qhov kev kho muaj peev xwm ua rau lub sijhawm luv luv hydraulic tshwj xeeb (HRT) hauv theem kho aerobic, yog li cuam tshuam rau kev kho mob tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhim kho kev kho kom zoo thiab cov dej ntws zoo ntawm lub tsev so qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab los ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tswj xyuas kev txhim kho yam tsis tau tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem ceev rau lub chaw so.
1. Qhov project Overview
1.1 Kev kho muaj peev xwm
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv muaj, nrog rau qhov chaw tshawb fawb thiab kev sib txuas lus, cov dej khib nyiab ua ke ntawm qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab tau txiav txim siab txog li 400 m³ / d.
1.2 Hom dej khib nyiab nkag mus rau qhov chaw kho mob
Tam sim no, cov dej khib nyiab nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw kho mob tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom: chav ntxhua khaub ncaws ntxhua khaub ncaws, ntxhua khaub ncaws (linen) ntxhua dej khib nyiab, thiab cov dej phwj hauv tsev txhua hnub.
1.2.1 Chav ntxhua khaub ncaws
Cov dej khib nyiab hauv chav ua noj muaj roj thiab anionic surfactants (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates, LAS).
1.2.2 Khaub Ncaws (Linen) Ntxuav Cov Khaub Ncaws
Cov ntxhua khaub ncaws ntxhua khaub ncaws tej zaum yuav yog acidic los yog alkaline, los yog muaj zog oxidizing zog. Nws muaj anionic / cationic surfactants, thiab nws qhov zoo tuaj yeem sib txawv vim muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, cuam tshuam rau kev kho mob lom tom ntej.
1.2.3 Cov dej phwj hauv tsev txhua hnub
Cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov dej phwj hauv tsev los ntawm cov chav tsev so zoo ib yam li cov dej phwj hauv tsev.
1.3 Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo
Txhawm rau txhim kho lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab thiab rov kho nws lub peev xwm kho, cov qauv ntawm chav ua noj ntxhua khaub ncaws, ntxhua khaub ncaws ntxhua khaub ncaws, thiab cov dej phwj hauv tsev niaj hnub nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb tau sau ua ntej kev kho dua tshiab thiab xa mus rau lub tuam txhab kuaj xyuas (CMA{0}} tau lees paub) rau kev tshuaj xyuas. Cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem rau cov qauv dej cuam tshuam tau qhia hauvTable 1.
1.4 Cov Kev Cai Lij Choj Dej Num
Cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab yuav tsum ua raws li tus txheej txheem tseem ceeb (lub sijhawm thib ob) qhov tseem ceeb uas tau teev tseg hauv * "Water Pollutant Discharge Limits" (DB 44/26-2001)*. Cov cim qhia tshwj xeeb tau piav qhia hauvRooj 2.
2. Kev soj ntsuam kev ua haujlwm tam sim no ntawm Chaw Kho Mob Cov Txheej Txheem
Cov txheej txheem kev kho tam sim no ntawm qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv chaw kho mob muaj kev kho thawj zaug uas siv lub npov zoo + lub tank sib npaug, thiab kev kho thib ob uas siv cov txheej txheem Anoxic -Oxic (AO) (tsis muaj nitrified cawv rov ua dua). Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog tso tawm tom qab tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab cov sludge seem yog dewatered siv lub phaj-thiab-frame lim xovxwm ua ntej tawm- qhov chaw pov tseg, raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 1. Yog li ntawd, qhov chaw kho mob tus txheej txheem tsim yog tsim nyog thiab muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov yam ntxwv ua paug. Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub tank sib npaug tso cai rau kev tswj hwm ntawm qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj nuj nqis, pH nruab nrab, thiab hloov kho cov khoom muaj zog oxidizing. Cov theem kev kho mob lom neeg tau teeb tsa raws li A-O-O, thiab los ntawm sludge recycle, nws muaj peev xwm rau kev tshem tawm nitrogen thiab phosphorus ib txhij. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj peev xwm tank tsawg, kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab yuav ntsib ntau yam teeb meem.
2.1 Kev khiav hauj lwm ntau dhau ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv kev sib ntsib cov qauv tso tawm
Vim tias tam sim no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj ntau tshaj qhov chaw kho mob lub peev xwm, thiab raws li qhov chaw tshawb fawb thiab kev sib txuas lus, qhov kwv yees tag nrho HRT rau theem kev kho kab mob lom + theem sib cais cov khib nyiab tsuas yog 6 teev. Lub zog COD concentration yog siab li 856 mg / L, qhia tau hais tias qhov chaw nres tsheb tam sim no overloaded, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov effluent kom tau raws li cov qauv tso tawm.
2.2 Kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua tau zoo, ntau, pH, thiab muaj zog oxidizing cov khoom
Qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv chaw ua si nthuav tawm qhov hloov pauv hauv qhov zoo (COD), ntau (Q), pH, thiab muaj zog oxidizing zog (NaClO, H₂O₂). Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev tswj hwm ntawm qhov zoo, qhov ntau, pH, thiab kev hloov kho ntawm cov khoom muaj zog oxidizing kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kho mob lom tom ntej.
2.3 Cov cuab yeej kev laus txo cov kev kho mob zoo
Lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv chaw ua si raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov khoom siv laus, txo kev kho mob ntxiv. Cov kev tshawb fawb hauv qhov chaw tau qhia tias muaj kev kub ntxhov hauv lub tank aerobic uas tsis pom cov npuas zoo, qhia tias muaj peev xwm tawg lossis tsis ua haujlwm ntawm qhov nplua - npuas diffusers ntawm lub tank hauv qab. Qhov no ua rau tsis sib xws aeration hauv lub tank, yog li cuam tshuam rau kev kho mob.
2.4 Kev tswj tsis zoo ua rau poob ntawm kev kho mob
Vim muaj kev tswj xyuas tsis zoo, qhov chaw tshawb fawb pom tau tias cov activated sludge concentration nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm lub chaw so qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab yog qhov tsis txaus, thiab nws tau poob nws qhov kev kho dej khib nyiab.
3. Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm rau Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Chaw Kho Dej Num
3.1 Tsim Cov Ntsiab Cai ntawm Txoj Kev Npaj
Txoj kev npaj yuav tsum tsis txhob koom nrog ntxiv cov peev txheej tshiab, ua kom tag nrho cov chaw kho mob cov chaw thiab cov cuab yeej siv tam sim no, thiab txhawm rau txo lub sijhawm tsim kho thiab cov nqi peev. Ua raws li kev tswj hwm ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab cais ua ntej ntawm cov dej khib nyiab. Ua kom txo tau cov nqi tshuaj pretreatment dosing nqi thaum ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm qhov chaw kho mob. Txais yuav cov kev ntsuas kev ntsuas los txhim kho qhov chaw kho mob qhov ua tau zoo, sib zog ua kom muaj kev ua raws li cov dej ntws tawm.
3.2 Technical Measures for Restoring Operation of the Treatment Station
Yim qhov kev ntsuas kev ntsuas tau raug npaj los kho lub peev xwm kho tau ntawm lub chaw so qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab thiab ua kom tau raws li cov dej ntws tawm.
3.2.1 Kev Tshaj Tawm Tank Desludging
Ua ntej, tshem tawm cov sediment thiab impurities ntawm lub tank hauv qab. Tom qab ntawd, tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tank ntim. Thaum kawg, xyuas kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv aeration ntawm lub tank hauv qab.
3.2.2 Hloov tam sim no "Anoxic Tank" mus rau "Aerobic Tank"
Raws li cov txiaj ntsig kev ntsuas dej zoo, NH₃{0}}N concentration hauv cov dej khib nyiab ua ke nkag mus rau hauv chaw nres tsheb tsuas yog 13 mg / L, thiab DB 44/26-2001 tsis txwv TN tshem tawm cov cai. Yog li ntawd, cov kav dej cua tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv qab ntawm "anoxic tank" tam sim no thiab zoo - npuas diffusers tuaj yeem npaj, hloov mus rau hauv "aerobic tank." Qhov no yuav ua rau kom HRT ntawm cov theem aerobic zoo, txhim kho qhov chaw nres tsheb tshem tawm lub peev xwm rau cov organics, NH₃-N, anionic surfactants, thiab lwm yam.
3.2.3 Hloov Fine-Bubble Diffusers nyob hauv qab ntawm "Aerobic Tank" tam sim no
Hloov cov nplua - npuas diffusers thiab cov kav dej sib txuas rau hauv qab ntawm "aerobic tank." Npaj kom zoo- npuas diffusers ntau ntom ntom (qhov chaw pabcuam < 1 m² rau ib lub diffuser) los kho qhov zoo- npuas aeration xeev ntawm "aerobic tank," ntxiv dag zog rau kev tshem tawm cov organics, NH₃-N, anionic surfactants, thiab lwm yam.
3.2.4 Txhim kho Aeration nyhuv hauv Aerobic Tanks
Ntsuam xyuas cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm thiab cov pa tawm ntawm lub tshuab blower tam sim no. Yog tias huab cua-rau- dej piv yog < 5: 1, xav txog kev ntxiv ib lub tshuab cua rau kev hloov pauv tshiab "aerobic tank," ntxiv dag zog lub peev xwm tshem tawm cov organic, NH₃-N, anionic surfactants, thiab lwm yam.
3.2.5 Strengthening Sludge Recycle
Ntsuam xyuas cov xwm txheej khiav hauj lwm thiab qhov ntws ntawm cov sludge recycle twj tam sim no. Yog tias qhov ntws tsis txaus, hloov cov sludge recycle twj tso kua mis kom ntseeg tau tias cov sludge rov qab tau zoo, txhim kho cov khoom sib cais kom zoo, thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov sludge los ntawm lub cev.
3.2.6 Ntxiv Cov Kev Ntsuas Ua Ntej Ua Ntej
Ntxiv cov tshuaj tso tsheb hlau luam (nrog cov khoom sib xyaw) thiab cov twj tso kua mis rau cov tshuaj txo qis (ferrous chloride), pH hloov cov tshuaj (calcium hydroxide), thiab flocculants (polyaluminum ferric chloride). Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb, txo lawv cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob lom thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm qhov chaw kho mob.
3.2.7 Kev Txhim Kho Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm rau Chaw Kho Mob
Yuav cov cuab yeej saib xyuas tseem ceeb rau kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm, xws li sludge concentration meters, pH meters, thiab yaj oxygen (DO) meters. Tsim cov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas phau ntawv qhia rau chaw kho mob thiab muab kev cob qhia rau cov neeg ua haujlwm kom ua tiav kev tswj xyuas kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.
3.2.8 Txhim khu kev kho mob lom neeg muaj peev xwm
Hu rau cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv zos kom yuav cov noob sludge, lossis yuav cov kab lis kev cai coj mus muag, txhawm rau ua kom cov sludge concentration nyob rau hauv chaw nres tsheb cov roj ntsha reactors thiab rov kho / txhim kho nws cov peev xwm kho mob lom.
4. Kev ua haujlwm tau zoo tom qab ua tiav cov phiaj xwm kho dua tshiab
Tom qab ua cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws soj ntsuam thiab tshuaj xyuas cov kev hloov pauv dej zoo tom qab kev kho dua tshiab ntawm qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tau txais, raws li qhia hauvTable 3. Cov ntaub ntawv no qhia meej txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov chaw kho dua tshiab hauv kev tshem tawm cov organics, NH₃-N, thiab cov tshuaj chlorine seem.
4.1 COD Tshem Tawm
Hais txog kev tshem tawm COD, qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm 72.46% qhia txog kev nce qib tseem ceeb hauv kev degradation ntawm cov organic teeb meem los ntawm qhov chaw kho mob. Qhov no yog vim qhov ua kom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem kho dej khib nyiab thaum lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab, tso cai rau cov pa phem ntawm cov organic kom decomposed thiab tshem tawm tau zoo dua, yog li txo qis COD cov ntsiab lus hauv cov dej ntws tawm.
4.2 BOD₅ Kev tshem tawm
BOD₅ tshem tawm tus nqi yog siab li 92.10%, ntxiv rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov chaw kho dua tshiab hauv kev tshem tawm cov khoom organic. Qhov siab BOD₅ tshem tawm tus nqi txhais tau hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm biodegradable organic teeb meem hauv cov dej ntws tau txo qis, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig dej thiab tiv thaiv eutrophication.
4.3 NH₃-N tshem tawm
Hais txog NH₃-N tshem tawm, tus nqi tshem tawm ntawm 60.87% kuj qhia tau tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb kho dua tshiab. NH₃-N yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm dej eutrophication. Tus nqi tshem tawm siab qhia tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm NH₃-N cov ntsiab lus hauv cov dej ntws tawm, pab txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm eutrophication.
4.4 Tag nrho cov tshuaj chlorine tshem tawm
chlorine yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas nquag siv hauv cov txheej txheem kho dej khib nyiab, tab sis cov tshuaj chlorine ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau dej ib puag ncig. Tus nqi tshem tawm rau tag nrho cov tshuaj chlorine seem los ntawm qhov chaw kho kho kho cov txheej txheem kho yog 81.74%, qhia tias los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb txoj kev kho kom zoo, cov ntsiab lus chlorine seem hauv cov effluent tswj tau zoo, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov dej ntws zoo.
5. Cov lus xaus
Kev soj ntsuam zoo ua ntej kev kho dua tshiab ntawm qhov chaw kho dej khib nyiab pov tseg tau qhia tias, txawm hais tias tsim nyog cov txheej txheem, nws tau poob nws txoj kev kho mob vim yog yam xws li lub peev xwm tank tsis txaus, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov dej tsis zoo thiab qhov ntau, cov khoom siv laus thiab cov aeration tsis sib xws, thiab kev tswj xyuas tsis zoo. Txhawm rau kom cov dej ntws tawm tau raws li tus qauv thawj (lub sijhawm thib ob) qhov tseem ceeb ntawm DB 44/26-2001, lub chaw ua haujlwm kho dej khib nyiab tau hloov kho thiab kho dua tshiab. Qhov no suav nrog kev ntxiv dag zog rau cov dej zoo thiab kev tswj kom muaj nuj nqis, hloov kho cov cuab yeej kev laus, txhim kho kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab siv cov tswv yim zoo los kho cov haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm qhov chaw kho mob. Qhov no muab kev txhawb nqa ib puag ncig zoo rau kev tsim kho kom ruaj khov ntawm chaw so hauv Suav teb.