Nrog rau kev nruj nruj ntawm lub ntiaj teb ib puag ncig cov cai thiab kev nce qib ntawm cov txheej txheem dej pov tseg, kev lag luam tau sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov tseem ceeb:siab -kev ua tau zoo, ruaj khov, thiab tus nqi- cov thev naus laus zis kho tau zootsis xaiv tau lawm - lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb. Raws li cov khoom siv biofilm tshiab, Bio Block tau tshwm sim los ua ib qho kev daws teeb meem rau ob qho tib si kev tsim kho tshiab thiab cog kev hloov kho tshiab, txawv los ntawm nws qhov loj tshwj xeeb thaj chaw, ruaj khov biofilm tsim, thiab tshwj xeeb tsis kam rau hydraulic thiab organic shock loads. Kab lus no tshuaj xyuas cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm, cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb, thiab tiag tiag -Kev ua haujlwm hauv ntiaj teb ntawm Bio Block los ntawm cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog kev kho dej khib nyiab hauv nroog hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv kawm.
Bio Block yog dab tsi?
Bio Block yog ibpeb-seem porous biofilm cab kujtsim los ntawm qib siab - cov ntaub ntawv polymer. Tsis zoo li cov ntawv xov xwm uas raug tshem tawm, Bio Block nta ib qho kev tsim kho hauv geometry uas ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv thaj chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau microbial colonization thaum tuav cov kev qhib rau cov dej khib nyiab thiab kev sib pauv roj. Tus cab kuj tus tsim lub tswv yim hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev txwv ntawm cov kab ke ua haujlwm sludge ib txwm muaj: qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov biomass siab ntau yam tsis muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom ntim reactor lossis sludge recycling tus nqi.
Bio Block biofilm carrier - engineered internal geometry maximizing tiv thaiv thaj chaw rau microbial txuas
Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm ntawm Bio Block
Bio Block ua haujlwm ntawmbiofilm txheej txheem txheej txheem, ib qhov dej zoo -tsim tsim kev kho kab mob lom uas tau ua kom zoo dua los ntawm ntau xyoo ntawm kev siv dej khib nyiab. Thaum cov dej khib nyiab ntws los ntawm lub reactor uas muaj Bio Block cov cab kuj, cov kab mob uas tau raug tshem tawm hauv dej sai sai txuas rau cov khoom nqa khoom thiab cov qauv pore. This attachment is mediated by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by the microorganisms themselves, forming a dense, stable, and metabolically active biofilm.
Lub zej zog biofilm yog structurally thiab functionally stratified. Cov txheej txheej sab nrauv, hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov dej khib nyiab ntau, yog dominated los ntawmcov kab mob heterotrophicuas oxidize organic teeb meem (COD/BOD). Sib sib zog nqus hauv biofilm, qhov twg oxygen nkag mus tsuas yog txwv,anoxic thiab anaerobic zonestxhim kho, txhawb nqa cov kab mob denitrifying uas hloov nitrate rau nitrogen gas thiab phosphorus -cov kab mob sib sau (PAOs) uas pab txhawb kev tshem tawm cov phosphorus lom. Qhov no natural stratification enables ib txhij carbon oxidation, nitrification, denitrification, thiab phosphorus tshem tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug reactor - ib tug℃ntawm cov txheej txheem kev koom ua ke uas raug ncua - kev loj hlob systems tawm tsam kom ua tiav yam tsis complex multi- cheeb tsam configurations.
Ib qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm hom biofilm yogbiomass khaws cia. Tsis zoo li cov activated sludge, qhov twg cov microbial zej zog yog tujtaws ntxuav tawm nrog cov effluent thiab yuav tsum tau muab ntxiv los ntawm sludge recycling, biofilm -kab mob microorganisms nyob twj ywm anchored rau cov cab kuj. Qhov no txhais tau tias:
qeeb -cov nitrifiers loj hlob yog khaws cia- Nitrosomonas thiab Nitrobacter, cov kab mob autotrophic lub luag haujlwm rau ammonia thiab nitrite oxidation feem, muaj ob npaug ntawm lub sijhawm ntsuas hauv hnub ntau dua li teev. Nyob rau hauv activated sludge, tswj kom txaus nitrifier pejxeem yuav tsum tau ntev sludge retention lub sij hawm (SRT), uas nyob rau hauv lem xav tau loj reactor ntim. Biofilm systems decouple biomass tuav lub sij hawm los ntawm hydraulic tuav lub sij hawm, ua kom muaj zog nitrification txawm nyob rau luv luv HRTs.
Kev poob siab load resilience yog txhim kho- Lub biofilm matrix muab lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom thiab hloov pauv sai hauv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheej biofilm sab nrauv raug cuam tshuam ib ntus, cov kab mob microbial tob tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab siv tau, ua kom cov txheej txheem rov qab sai dua piv rau cov sludge activated.
Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm Bio Block
1. Kev kho mob siab dhau los ntawm kev siv biomass ntom ntom
Bio Block lub cheeb tsam loj tshwj xeeb muab ntau qhov chaw txuas rau microbial colonization, txhawb nqa abiomass concentration deb tshaj li cov pa activated sludge systems. Ntau dua biomass ib chav tsev reactor ntim txhais ncaj qha rau hauv cov pa phem degradation sai dua thiab muaj peev xwm kho tau ntau dua los ntawm qhov muab tso rau hneev taw. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev ua tau zoo sib txawv: ntau microbes ib lub cubic meter txhais tau tias ntau dua kev kho mob ib lub cubic meter.
2. Muaj zog tiv thaiv rau kev ua haujlwm tsis sib xws
Cov qauv biofilm ruaj khov ua rau Bio Block systems rauhloov mus rau qhov kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov dej khib nyiab zoo thiab qhov ntautsis deterioration ntawm effluent zoo. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov nroj tsuag hauv nroog uas muab cov kav dej ua ke (qhov xwm txheej cua daj cua dub ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv loj), cov chaw tsim khoom nrog cov voj voog ntau lawm, thiab kev ua haujlwm raws caij nyoog xws li kev ua zaub mov. Lub biofilm qhov kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab cov qauv hauv zej zog stratified muab qhov tsis sib xws uas tau tshem tawm - cov kab ke loj hlob tuaj yeem tsis sib xws.
3. Tsawg khiav lag luam thiab tu nqi
Bio Block cov neeg nqa khoom yog tsim los rau ib qhokev pab cuam lub neej tshaj 10 xyoonyob rau hauv ib txwm ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob. Qhov qhib -pore geometry tiv thaiv kev txhaws, tshem tawm cov kev rov qab ua dua tshiab lossis hloov lub voj voog uas cuam tshuam qee yam kev tshaj tawm. Txo cov sludge ntau lawm (qhov tshwm sim ncaj qha ntawm biofilm qhov siab dua endogenous decay rate) txo qis sludge tuav, dewatering, thiab pov tseg cov nqi - feem ntau yog ib qho kev siv nyiaj loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab.
4. Kev siv dav dav thoob plaws qhov kev kho mob
Bio Block thev naus laus zis tau ua tiav thoob plawsCov dej phwj tuaj hauv nroog, cov dej khib nyiab, kev lag luam aquaculture recirculation systems, thiab decentralized nyob deb nroog kev kho mob. Nws lub peev xwm los tshem tawm cov organic teeb meem zoo, ammonia nitrogen, tag nrho nitrogen, thiab tag nrho phosphorus ua rau nws muaj ntau yam platform thev naus laus zis hloov mus rau ntau hom kev kho mob thiab cov txheej txheem tswj hwm.
Engineering Case Study: Municipal WWTP Upgrade in East China
Qhov project Overview
Ib tug municipal wastewater kho nroj tsuag nyob rau hauvTuam Tshoj sab hnub tuajnrog lub peev xwm tsim ntawm20,000 m³ / hnubntsib ib qho kev sib tw ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Tus thawjpa activated sludge txheej txheem, thaum txhim khu kev qha nyob rau hauv cov qauv tsim, tau nce strained los ntawm peb qhov sib xyaw ua ke: nce qib nruj dua cov qauv kev tso tawm hauv cheeb tsam, kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj li qhov kev xav tau tsim, thiab qhov kev txwv ntawm qhov chaw- txwv kev hneev taw uas txwv tsis pub loj - kev nthuav dav hauv pej xeem.
Cov kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb tsis muaj nyob nrogcov dej tsis ruaj tsis khov thaum lub caij ntub dej - huab cua, raws caij nyoog ammonia nitrogen thiab tag nrho cov nitrogen ntau tshaj thaum lub sij hawm los nag, thiab escalating zog thiab tshuaj noj raws li cov neeg ua hauj lwm sim them nyiaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem intensification. Ib qho kev nthuav dav dav - tsim cov pas dej aeration ntxiv thiab cov lus piav qhia theem nrab - raug txiav tawm vim muaj kev txwv thaj av thiab cov nqi peev nyiaj ntau tshaj cov peev nyiaj muaj.
Txoj Kev Hloov Pauv
Pab pawg engineering xaiv aBio Block + hloov kho aerobic tankretrofit mus kom ze, hloov cov uas twb muaj lawm activated sludge aerobic basins rau hauv integrated fixed -film activated sludge (IFAS) reactors. Qhov no lub tswv yim leveraged cov uas twb muaj lawm tank infrastructure thaum ua kom cov active biomass cov khoom muag. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv tsim:
| Tsim Parameter | Ua ntej hloov kho | Tom qab Upgrade |
| Carrier Hom | Tsis muaj (activated sludge nkaus xwb) | Bio Block 55 |
| Qhov chaw tshwj xeeb | N/A | 220 m²/m³ |
| Sau tus nqi | N/A | 55%ntawm qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tank ntim |
| Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) | 12 teev | 8 hnu |
| Aeration System | Original diffused cua | Khaws cia, siv zog kho rau biofilm optimization |
| Kev Kho Mob Tau Txais | Lub hauv paus | ~ 30% nce |
CovBio Block 55tus cab kuj raug xaiv rau nws220 m² / m³ thaj chaw tshwj xeebthiab structural geometry optimized rau lub hom phiaj dej khib nyiab yam ntxwv. Ntawm a55% tus nqi sau, lub txaj nqa khoom muab kwv yees li 121 m² ntawm biofilm txuas nto ib lub cubic meter ntawm reactor ntim - ib qho kev nce loj hauv thaj chaw lom neeg lom zem piv rau qhov qub raug tshem tawm - kev loj hlob teeb tsa. Tuav lub aeration uas twb muaj lawm nrog kev siv zog kho cov peev txheej thaum muab cov pa oxygen txaus thiab sib xyaw ua ke.
Critically, covHRT raug txo los ntawm 12 teev mus rau 8 teev- txo 33% - thaum tib lub sijhawm txhim kho cov dej ntws zoo. Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no (lub sijhawm luv luv, kev kho mob zoo dua) tau piav qhia los ntawm kev nce siab hauv biomass concentration nyob rau hauv tib lub tank ntim, uas ntau dua li them nyiaj rau lub sijhawm txo hydraulic nyob.
Bio Block 55 cov neeg nqa khoom tau teeb tsa hauv qhov hloov kho aerobic tank thaum lub nroog WWTP upgrade project
Cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo: Ua ntej vs. Tom qab hloov kho
Qhov project suav nrog a6-hli kev soj ntsuam tas litaug qab cov ntsuas dej tseem ceeb (COD, ammonia nitrogen, tag nrho nitrogen, tag nrho phosphorus) ntawm ob qho tib si muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj txiaj ntsig sampling cov ntsiab lus. Cov lus hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov nruab nrab qhov tseem ceeb piv ua ntej - txhim kho thiab tshaj tawm - txhim kho kev ua tau zoo:
| Cov pa phem Index | Muaj zog (mg / L) | Cov kua dej ua ntej hloov kho (mg / L) | Cov kua dej tom qab hloov kho (mg / L) | Kev tshem tawm tus nqi tom qab kho dua |
| COD | 280–360 | 50–65 | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 25 | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 92% |
| Ammonia Nitrogen (NH&sb3; -N) | 25–35 | 8–12 | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.5 | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 98% |
| Tag nrho Nitrogen (TN) | 35–45 | 15–20 | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 10 | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 78% |
| Tag nrho Phosphorus (TP) | 3–5 | 0.8–1.2 | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.3 | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 93% |
Cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog ntau yam kev txhim kho tseem ceeb:
COD tshem tawmtxhim kho los ntawm qhov ua ntej -kho kom zoo dua cov dej ntws tawm ntawm 50–65 mg / L rau ib qho kev tshaj tawm- hloov kho tus nqi tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 25 mg / L, sawv cev rau kev tshem tawm ntau dua 92%. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muab qhov txo qis HRT - lees paub tias biofilm biomass concentration ntau dua li them nyiaj rau lub sijhawm luv hydraulic.
Kev tshem tawm ammonia nitrogenpom qhov kev txhim kho loj tshaj plaws: los ntawm 8-12 mg / L rau Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.5 mg / L, ua tiav ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 98% tshem tawm. Qhov no yog qhov txiaj ntsig kos npe ntawm biofilm systems rau nitrification - khaws cia qeeb - loj hlob nitrifying kab mob (Nitrosomonas thiab Nitrobacter) ntawm cov cab kuj ua kom cov nitrification ruaj khov txawm tias txo HRTs qhov twg cov kab mob no yuav txwv tsis pub ntxuav tawm ntawm qhov raug tshem tawm - kev loj hlob.
Kev tshem tawm tag nrho nitrogentxhim kho los ntawm 15–20 mg / L kom tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 10 mg / L (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 78% tshem tawm), qhia txog kev ua haujlwm zoo ib txhij nitrification-denitrification nyob rau hauv cov stratified biofilm. Cov cheeb tsam anoxic uas tsim ib txwm nyob hauv cov txheej txheej biofilm tob muab qhov chaw nyob rau cov kab mob denitrifying yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj lub tank cais.
Tag nrho cov phosphorus tshem tawmmus txog ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 93%, nrog cov dej ntws TP tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.3 mg / L. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg phosphorus uptake los ntawm PAOs nyob rau hauv biofilm thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, ntxiv cov tshuaj los nag lossis daus - tus qauv polishing mus kom ze rau kev txwv phosphorus nruj.
Comprehensive Benefits Analysis
| Pab Pawg | Ua ntej hloov kho | Tom qab Bio Block Upgrade |
| Dej Zoo | Tsis ruaj khov; NH&sb3;-N thiab TN ntau tshaj thaum huab cua ntub | Stably ua tau raws li tus qauv tso tawm hauv zos siab tshaj plaws; NH&sb3;-N thiab TN tshem tawm tau zoo dua |
| Kev siv av | Thaum muaj peev xwm; tsis muaj chaw rau expansion | ~ 30% muaj peev xwm nce hauv tib lub hneev taw; 25% av txuag vs. kev tsim kho tshiab |
| Sludge Production | Baseline activated sludge tawm los | Txo los ntawm 35% |
| Kev siv hluav taws xob | Lub hauv paus rau -tuj siv zog | Txo los ntawm 16%(rau ib tuj dej kho) |
| Kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov | Kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb tsis zoo thaum lub caij los nag | Stable effluent zootxawm nyob hauv ntub- huab cua ntws thiab thauj khoom hloov pauv |
| Kev tu | Tsis tu ncua sludge tuav thiab pov tseg | Tsawg heevua haujlwm tu txhua hnub |
Cov35% txo cov sludge tawm losyog ib qho zoo -cov ntaub ntawv tus yam ntxwv ntawm biofilm systems. Nyob rau hauv tshem tawm - kev loj hlob activated sludge, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm substrate yog hloov mus rau tshiab cell biomass (cov yield coefficient: 0.4–0.6 g VSS/g COD tshem tawm). Hauv cov txheej txheem biofilm, lub sijhawm khaws cov khib nyiab ntev dua thiab siab dua cov kab mob endogenous decay nyob rau hauv biofilm matrix ua rau ua tiav substrate mineralization thiab tsawg dua net biomass ntau lawm. Kev cuam tshuam cov nqi ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb: sludge tuav, thickening, dewatering, thiab pov tseg tuaj yeem sawv cev 30-50% ntawm tag nrho cov nqi cog qoob loo.
Ib yam li ntawd, cov16% txo nyob rau hauv ib -ton zog nojqhia txog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm HRT txo qis, qis dua sludge recirculation twj tso kua mis, thiab cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo tau txais los ntawm ntau dua active biomass concentration. Rau 20,000 m³ / hnub cog, txawm tias 16% kev txuag hluav taws xob txhais tau hais tias txo tus nqi txhua xyoo thiab txo qis carbon footprint.
Xaus
Bio Block, as annpaum thiab txhim khu kev qha biofilm carrier technology, xa cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig thoob plaws peb qhov loj me uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov neeg ua haujlwm kho dej khib nyiab:kev kho mob(dej zoo raws li cov qauv nruj tshaj plaws),kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov(resilience rau ntws thiab load fluctuations), thiabeconomic viability(txo cov sludge ntau lawm, qis zog noj, thiab zam kev siv peev rau kev tsim kho tshiab).
Lub East China municipal WWTP upgrade case study muab pov thawj tseeb. Los ntawm retrofitting uas twb muaj lawm activated sludge basins nrog Bio Block 55 nqa ntawm ib tug 55% sau tus nqi, cov nroj tsuag ib txhij ua tiav: effluent COD Less dua los yog sib npaug zos rau 25 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.5 mg/L, tag nrho nitrogen tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug rau 10 mg.phos/L thiab sib npaug rau 10 mg. - tag nrho thaum txo HRT los ntawm 33%, sludge ntau lawm los ntawm 35%, thiab kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 16%. Cov txiaj ntsig no siv tau Bio Block ua ib qhosiab -kev daws teeb meem rau ob qho tib si kev nthuav dav thiab kev txhim kho cov dej ntws zoohauv kev kho cov dej khib nyiab uas twb muaj lawm, nrog rau kev siv tau meej rau cov kev txhim kho zoo sib xws thoob ntiaj teb.
Nco tseg: Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom thauj khoom thauj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas engineering raws li cov yam ntxwv muaj txiaj ntsig, tus nqi ntws, thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm cov dej ntws zoo. Cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm hauv kab lus no qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb; Cov txiaj ntsig yuav txawv nyob ntawm qhov chaw - tej yam kev mob tshwj xeeb.
Npaj los txhim kho koj WWTP nrog Bio Block?
Hu rau peb pab pawg kws tshaj lij rau kev hloov kho Bio Block carrier dosing tsim thiab kev soj ntsuam cov txheej txheem dawb. Peb yuav soj ntsuam koj qhov system tam sim no, txheeb xyuas cov hom phiaj hloov kho tshiab, thiab xa cov lus pom meej meej raws li koj qhov kev xav tau kev kho mob.