Cov pa roj carbon-rau-nitrogen piv yog qhov pom tsis pom uas tswj tau txhua yam hauv cov nroj tsuag activated sludge. Push C / N qis dhau thiab denitrification tshaib plab - tag nrho cov nitrogen tshem tawm poob rau 60-75% thiab nitrate los ntshav rau hauv cov dej ntws. Thawb nws siab dhau lawm thiab heterotrophs nyiag cov pa oxygen los ntawm nitrifiers, ua rau ammonia tawg. Qhov kev sim no- ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas qhov chaw ua haujlwm qab zib - C / N ntau ntawm 6: 1 txog 8:1 - qhov twg COD tshem tawm tshaj 90% thiab tag nrho cov nitrogen tshem tawm mus txog 80-90% ib txhij.
Vim li cas C/N Ratio Yog Tus Tswv Tswj Lever
Hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab, carbon yog roj thiab nitrogen yog lub hom phiaj. Cov kab mob Heterotrophic haus cov pa roj carbon monoxide ua lawv lub zog tseem ceeb, rhuav tshem BOD thiab COD. Nitrogen, lub sijhawm no, raug tshem tawm los ntawm ob kauj ruam kev lom neeg: autotrophic nitrifiers ua ntej oxidize ammonia rau nitrate nyob rau hauv aerobic tej yam kev mob, ces heterotrophic denitrifiers txo cov nitrate rau nitrogen gas - tab sis tsuas yog thaum muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Vim hais tias tib yam kab mob sib tw rau tib cov peev txheej, qhov sib piv ntawm cov pa roj carbon rau nitrogen hauv cov neeg muaj zog txiav txim siab qhov txheej txheem twg yeej.
Qhov tsis sib npaug C / N piv ua rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem. Thaum cov pa roj carbon tsawg, denitrification khiav tawm ntawm roj thiab nitrate accumulates. Thaum cov pa roj carbon ntau dhau, cov pa oxygen xav tau nce raws li heterotrophs ntau, ua rau cov nitrifiers tshaib plab ntawm cov pa oxygen thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav nitrification. Kev tswj hwm qhov sib npaug yog li ntawd tsis yog qhov kev xav zoo - nws yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua raws li cov dej xau thiab rov ua txhaum cai.
Pilot-Sale Testing hla AC/N Range
Pab neeg tshawb fawb tau ua tus tsav- ntsuas cov sludge reactors ntawm cov dej khib nyiab hauv nroog nrog cov pa roj carbon - mus rau - cov pa nitrogen hloov pauv thoob plaws lub hnab ntawv ua haujlwm dav ntawm3: 1-12: 1. Cov pa roj carbon monoxide tau hloov pauv los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv biodegradable carbon, thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm ammonia tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv cov kev cuam tshuam hauv nroog. Qhov no cais qhov C / N piv raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ywj pheej es tsis yog confounding nws nrog lub zog hloov pauv.
| Kev ua haujlwm Parameter | Ntau yam | Lub hom phiaj |
| Cov pa roj carbon-rau-nitrogen piv | 3:1 – 12:1 | Kev kawm thawj zaug kuj sib txawv |
| Hydraulic tuav lub sij hawm (HRT) | 6-10 hnub | Hu rau lub sijhawm kho |
| Sludge tuav lub sijhawm (SRT) | 10-20 hnub | qeeb - loj hlob nitrifier khaws cia |
| Dissolved oxygen | 2-4 mg / L | ruaj khov aerobic tej yam kev mob |
Cov dej zoo tau taug qab los ntawm COD, BOD₅, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, tag nrho nitrogen, thiab phosphorus. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob microbial raug soj ntsuam los ntawm kev ntsuas cov pa oxygen uptake thiab ntsuas cov sludge microscopic, muab cov pov thawj ncaj qha ntawm yuav ua li cas txhua C / N tsoom fwv hloov qhov sib npaug ntawm cov neeg heterotrophic thiab autotrophic. Nitrogen transformation efficiency yog tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas thoob plaws C / N ntau yam los txheeb xyuas qhov pom kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Tsawg, Nruab Nrab, Thiab Siab C / N Performance piv
Txoj kev tshawb no tau ua kom pom tseeb qhov ua tau zoo hierarchy. Tsawg C / N tej yam kev mob starved lub denitrification kauj ruam, nruab nrab tej yam kev mob xa balanced tshem tawm, thiab siab C / N tej yam kev mob pauv nitrification efficiency rau cov organic tshem tawm. Cov txiaj ntsig tau muab sau tseg hauv qab no.
| C/N mob | Kev tshem tawm COD | Tag Nrho Nitrogen Tshem Tawm | Kev txwv tseem ceeb |
| Tsawg (< 4:1) | High (organic tshem tawm khaws cia) | 60-75% yog '; nquag nitrate tsub zuj zuj | Tsis txaus carbon rau denitrification |
| Piv txwv li (6: 1-8: 1) | Tshaj 90% | 80 – 90% | Tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb; balanced kev ua si |
| High (> 10:1) | High (tseem muaj txiaj ntsig) | Txo; qee zaus ammonia breakthrough | Kev sib tw Oxygen suppresses nitrifiers |
Ntawm qhov qis C / N piv, cov kab mob heterotrophic tau siv cov pa roj carbon me me rau lub zog thiab kev loj hlob, tawm hauv cov kab mob denitrifying yam tsis muaj cov txheej txheem rau kev txo nitrate. Tag nrho cov nitrogen tshem tawm stalled ntawm60% thiab 75%, thiab nitrate tsub zuj zuj tau nquag pom nyob rau hauv cov effluent - ib tug classic kos npe rau ntawm tsis tiav denitrification uas plagues ntau cov pa roj carbon - tsis txaus cov nroj tsuag.
Lub qhov rais nruab nrab ntawm6: 1 : 8: 1yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Kev tshem tawm COD tshaj li 90% thaum tag nrho cov nitrogen tshem tawm mus txog 80-90%, thiab cov pa roj carbon sib npaug tau txhawb nqa ob qho kev ua haujlwm heterotrophic thiab autotrophic. Nitrification thiab denitrification tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib ntus es tsis sib tw, thiab cov dej ntws zoo tau ruaj khov thoob plaws hauv kev khiav.
Ntawm qhov siab C / N piv saum toj 10: 1, daim duab thim rov qab. Cov pa roj carbon ntau tau tsav kev loj hlob sai heterotrophic thiab kev tshem tawm cov organic siab, tab sis qhov tshwm sim oxygen xav tau ua rau muaj kev sib tw rau cov pa oxygen. Nitrifiers - qeeb qeeb- loj hlob thiab oxygen- tshaib plab - poob qhov kev sib tw, nitrification efficiency poob, thiab qee zaus ammonia breakthrough tshwm nyob rau hauv cov effluent. Cov nroj tsuag tshem tawm cov organic teeb meem ci ntsa iab thaum ua tsis tiav nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nitrogen.
Microbial Ecology Qab Tus lej
Kev tshuaj xyuas microbial piav qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Cov xwm txheej C/N sib npaug tau txhawb nqa lub zej zog ntau haiv neeg thiab ruaj khov uas muaj cov kab mob nitrifying thiab denitrifying, nrog rau cov pa oxygen uptake qhia tias muaj kev noj qab haus huv ib txhij. Cov xwm txheej C/N hnyav heev - txawm tias qis dhau lossis siab dhau - txo qis microbial ntau haiv neeg thiab nce cov txheej txheem tsis ruaj khov. Cov pa roj carbon- tshaib plab sludge skewed mus qeeb- loj hlob autotrophs thaum cov pa roj carbon-saturated sludge tau los ua tus thawj coj los ntawm ceev- loj hlob heterotrophs, txhua zaus tsoo lub zej zog cov qauv tsim nyog rau kev tshem tawm cov nitrogen kom tiav.
Cov tswv yim ua haujlwm los tuav qhov zoo tshaj plaws
Kev muaj peev xwm hauv nroog tiag tiag yeej tsis tas li, yog li tuav C / N hauv lub qhov rais 6: 1–8: 1 yuav tsum txhob txwm tswj hwm. Txoj kev tshawb no taw qhia rau peb lub tswv yim levers muaj rau cov tswv cog:
Sab nraud carbon ntxiv.Thaum lub zog C / N poob qis dua 4: 1, noj cov pa roj carbon monoxide yooj yim - methanol, acetate, lossis cov pa roj carbon ntxiv rau kev lag luam - muab cov roj denitrifiers xav tau, rov ua kom tag nrho cov nitrogen tshem tawm mus rau 80-90%.
Muaj kev sib npaug.Siab -C/N slugs los ntawm kev lag luam tawm lossis cov xwm txheej cua daj cua dub cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob lom. Equalization basins damp cov ncov no thiab tuav qhov sib piv kom ze rau qhov zoo ua ntej cov dej khib nyiab mus txog cov reactors.
Tiag - sijhawm tswj cov txheej txheem.Online ammonia, nitrate, thiab COD sensors cia cov neeg ua haujlwm kho aeration, recirculation, thiab carbon dosing tsis tu ncua. Kev sib koom ua ke cov teeb liab no nrog kev tswj hwm lub tshuab ua haujlwm hloov pauv tus qauv tsim qauv zoo li qub rau hauv lub tswv yim ua haujlwm nyob uas teb rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig hloov pauv raws li nws tshwm sim.
Txoj kev tshawb no xaus lus tias kev tswj hwm qhov sib npaug C / N piv yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ruaj ntseg, kev kho mob theem nrab. Nruab nrab tej yam kev mob nyob ib ncig ntawm6: 1 : 8: 1ib txhij ua kom COD degradation thiab nitrogen tshem tawm thaum khaws cia cov microbial ntau haiv neeg uas ua rau cov txheej txheem resilient - ua C/N tswj ib qho ntawm siab tshaj plaws -leverage nqis peev ib tsob nroj tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov muaj peev xwm sib txawv.
Khiav koj cov nroj tsuag ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws C/N ratio
A 6:1-8:1 carbon-rau-nitrogen tshuav nyiaj li cas muab 90% + COD tshem tawm thiab 80-90% TN tshem tawm. Juntai cov khoom txhawb nqa cov khoom noj khoom haus ruaj khov tshem tawm hauv kev kho mob theem nrab.