Lub luag haujlwm ntawm HPU MBBR hauv Kev Kho Cov Dej Num
Abstract
Raws li kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv nroog txuas ntxiv nthuav dav, qhov kev thov rau cov cuab yeej siv dej khib nyiab zoo tau loj hlob sai. Ntawm cov kev kho mob lom neeg muaj, cov txheej txheem Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)-tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm Siab (HPU) sib txawv- tau ua pov thawj tias yog kev daws teeb meem thiab siv tau. Txoj kev tshawb no tshawb txog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm, tsim qauv reactor, microbial dynamics, thiab cov kev siv ntawm HPU MBBR system hauv kev kho cov dej khib nyiab.
Kev tsom xam pom tseeb tias lub kaw lus tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm nitrogen thiab phosphorus, nws txoj kev ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv cov organic loads siab, thiab nws cov kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thaum muaj kev hloov pauv. Cov ntaub ntawv engineering thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev sim qhia tau hais tias HPU MBBR system nthuav tawm kev hloov pauv tau zoo, kev siv hluav taws xob siab, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua qub. Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke no tsim kom muaj kev siv tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev tswj xyuas dej khib nyiab niaj hnub thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
1. Taw qhia
Cov dej qias neeg tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem nyuaj tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb. Kev lag luam nrawm nrawm thiab kev loj hlob hauv nroog tau nce tsis tu ncua ntawm cov organic teeb meem thiab cov as-ham rau hauv dej. Thaum cov txheej txheem activated sludge ib txwm siv dav, lawv feem ntau ntsib cov kev txwv xws li tsis muaj biomass concentration, tsis zoo rau hydraulic shocks, thiab sludge ntau lawm.
Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no, cov txheej txheem Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) tau tsim los ua cov kab ke lom neeg sib xyaw, sib txuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ncua thiab txuas nrog txoj kev loj hlob. Qhov Kev Ua Tau Zoo Tshaj Plaws (HPU) hloov pauv ntawm MBBR ntxiv txhim kho kev kho mob los ntawm kev tsim cov cab kuj zoo, txhim kho cov khoom siv hydrophilicity, thiab muaj zog microbial adhesion. Cov kev txhim kho no tau txhawb nqa dav dav ntawm HPU MBBR hauv cov nroj tsuag dej khib nyiab hauv nroog thiab siab -cov chaw kho mob muaj zog.
2. Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm ntawm HPU MBBR
Cov txheej txheem MBBR tso siab rau cov khoom siv biofilm me me uas txav tau yooj yim hauv aeration lossis anoxic reactors. Cov cab kuj muab thaj chaw loj rau cov kab mob sib txuas, tso cai rau lawv rhuav tshem cov organic teeb meem thiab nitrogen tebchaw zoo.
Hauv HPU MBBR system, cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb polymeric yog siv, uas muaj cov porosity siab thiab ntxhib nto. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau cov kab mob ua kom cov kab mob colonize zoo dua thiab tswj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov dej khib nyiab, uas txhim kho kev kho mob tag nrho. Cov neeg nqa khoom feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov kho siab - ntom polyethylene (HDPE) lossis polypropylene (PP), feem ntau nrog hydrophilic additives uas txhawb nqa biofilm kev loj hlob thiab khaws cia.
Nyob rau hauv lub reactor, txheej txheej ntawm biofilm hosts aerobic microorganisms uas oxidize organic teeb meem thiab hloov ammonia (NH₄⁺) mus rau nitrate (NO₃⁻). Cov txheej sab hauv txhawb cov kab mob anoxic lossis facultative lub luag haujlwm rau denitrification thiab phosphorus tshem tawm. Qhov txheej txheem microbial no tso cai rau kev tshem tawm ib txhij ntawm cov pa roj carbon, nitrogen, thiab phosphorus, ua rau cov kab ke sib cog lus thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
3. Biological Mechanisms thiab Microbial Ecology
Cov biofilm hauv HPU MBBR cov ntaub ntawv thiab tsim los ntawm ntau theem sib txawv: kev txuas, kev loj hlob, kev loj hlob, thiab kev tshem tawm. Qhov kev loj hlob ruaj khov ntawm cov biofilm no feem ntau yog nyob ntawm kev nyuaj siab shear thiab cov khoom noj muaj.
Tus qauv HPU tus neeg nqa khoom txhawb nqa ntau haiv neeg microbial uas sib koom ua ke hauv kev sib npaug. Cov no muaj xws li autotrophic nitrifiers xws li Nitrosomonas thiab Nitrobacter rau ammonia oxidation, heterotrophic kab mob rau cov organic degradation, denitrifying cov kab mob uas txo nitrate rau nitrogen gas nyob rau hauv anoxic microzones, thiab polyphosphate- accumulating kab mob (PAOs) uas ua rau phosphorus. tshem tawm.
Cov txheej txheem ntxeem tau ntawm HPU xov xwm tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev cuam tshuam hydraulic thiab muab kev ruaj ntseg microenvironment. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub kaw lus tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm lom neeg tsis tu ncua txawm tias muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom thauj, ua kom cov txheej txheem muaj zog thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm ntau yam dej khib nyiab.
4. Engineering Performance thiab Case Studies
Municipal Wastewater Treatment
HPU MBBR system tau ua tiav zoo siv hauv cov dej khib nyiab hauv nroog thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe, Tuam Tshoj, thiab Brazil. Cov ntawv thov tiag tiag no - ntiaj teb no qhia tau tias lub kaw lus ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua thiab nyob ruaj khov txawm tias muaj kev cuam tshuam sib txawv.
Tej yam ua pa phem tshem tawm yog:
l BOD₅: >90%
l COD: >85%
l NH₄⁺-N: >90%
l Tag Nrho Nitrogen (TN): 70-85%
Qhov kev ua tau zoo no qhia tau hais tias HPU MBBR tsis yog tsuas yog ua tau raws li tab sis feem ntau tshaj cov txheej txheem effluent nruj. Dab tsi ntxiv, nws ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig no nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me thiab kev tsim cov sludge qis dua li cov kab ke lom neeg, uas pab txo cov nqi khiav lag luam thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev tswj cov nroj tsuag.
Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Cov dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam feem ntau muaj cov tawv tawv, siab - cov pa phem xws li cov organic refractory, roj, thiab qib nitrogen siab. Txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj no, HPU MBBR ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb los ntawm textile, petrochemical, thiab zaub mov- cov nroj tsuag ua haujlwm qhia tau hais tias lub kaw lus tau txais kev tshem tawm COD tseem ceeb, txawm tias qhov muaj zog tshaj li 2000 mg / L.
Lub zej zog microbial ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom muaj zog thiab tiv taus cov tshuaj uas feem ntau ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv cov pa hluav taws xob sludge. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau me me phau ntawv khiav hauj lwm thiab tsim tsawg tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov sludge ntau tshaj piv rau cov tsoos systems. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau HPU MBBR zoo tagnrho rau kev lag luam uas xav tau kev kho mob tsis tu ncua, txawm tias muaj dej khib nyiab nyuaj.
5. Qhov zoo ntawm HPU MBBR Technology
HPU MBBR sawv tawm vim nws cov neeg nqa khoom ntse tsim thiab ua haujlwm yooj yim. Nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb suav nrog:
·High Biomass Retention:Qhov loj ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom tso cai rau kev loj hlob ntawm microbial ntom ntom, ua kom nrawm kho thiab ua kom lub cev ruaj khov.
·Compact Design:Nws cov hneev taw me me ua rau nws yooj yim rau retrofit rau hauv cov nroj tsuag uas twb muaj lawm yam tsis muaj kev tsim kho loj.
·Tsawg Sludge Production:Kev loj hlob qeeb ntawm biofilm txhais tau tias tsawg dua sludge los tswj, txuag ntawm cov nqi pov tseg.
·Zog Efficiency:Optimized aeration txo kev siv zog thaum tswj kev ua haujlwm lom neeg zoo.
·Kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov:Lub kaw lus tuaj yeem tswj cov kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov dej ntws los yog cov pa phem ntau yam yam tsis muaj kev poob haujlwm.
·Kev kho yooj yim:Tsis muaj sludge recirculation lossis complex tswj txhais tau tias kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub thiab kev saib xyuas yog ncaj nraim.
Ua ke, cov yam ntxwv no ua rau HPU MBBR xaiv ntse ob qho tib si ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam, txhawb nqa kev kho dej pov tseg kom ruaj khov.
6. Kev sib piv nrog lwm cov txheej txheem lom neeg
HPU MBBR sib xyaw ua ke qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ob lub ntiaj teb: nws muaj qhov yooj yim thiab yooj yim ntawm cov tshuab ua kom cov sludge, nrog rau kev ruaj ntseg thiab lub zog ntawm ruaj khov - zaj duab xis reactors.
Piv nrog rau cov activated sludge li niaj zaus, nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua biomass ntau dua yam tsis tas yuav rov ua cov sludge, uas txhais tau hais tias muaj teeb meem xws li bulking lossis foaming tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb. Cov neeg nqa khoom muab kev tswj hwm biofilm ib puag ncig uas pab tshem tawm cov as-ham zoo dua thiab siv zog tsawg dua.
Yog tias koj muab piv nrog cov ntxaij lim dej los yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv, HPU MBBR ua haujlwm zoo dua nrog cov pa xa mus, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm txhaws, thiab siv qhov chaw tsawg dua. Nws cov qauv tsim qauv ua kom nce lossis nqis ncaj nraim, yog li nws ua haujlwm sib npaug zoo rau cov nroj tsuag me me lossis cov chaw hauv nroog loj. Zuag qhia tag nrho, nws yog ib qho system uas muab kev kho mob siab thaum ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas yooj yim.
7. Daim ntawv thov kev cia siab thiab kev txwv
Txawm tias tag nrho nws qhov zoo, muaj ob peb yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws raug nqi ntau dua li cov khoom siv yas niaj hnub, tab sis lawv lub neej ntev thiab kev ua haujlwm siab dua feem ntau ua rau cov nqi pib thaum lub sijhawm.
Kev tswj cov biofilm kom zoo kuj tseem ceeb. Yog tias nws loj hlob ntau dhau lawm, nws tuaj yeem txhaws lub cev lossis txo cov pa oxygen hloov mus, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev sib npaug ntawm biofilm thickness thiab shear quab yuam kom cov khoom khiav zoo. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, aeration xav tau kev pab yuav nce mus txog thaum cov organic loads siab, uas yuav nce nqi zog yog tsis ua tib zoo tswj.
