Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo ntawm Kev Txhim Kho Txoj Haujlwm ntawm Kev Kho Dej Dej Dej hauv Tianjin
Ib lub chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv Tianjin tau ua tiav qhov kev txhim kho thiab kho dua tshiab uas siv qhov Hloov Kho Bardenpho-MBBR txheej txheem, txhawb nqa cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm Qib A tus qauv tau teev tseg hauv "Tshaj Tawm Ntawm Cov Kab Tsuag rau Lub Nroog Cov Tshuaj Kho Dej" (GB 18918-2020) hauv zos tus qauv TDB-202. 12/599-2015. Cov txheej txheem Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) suav nrog ntxiv MBBR tshem tawm cov cab mus rau hauv lub reactor, muab cov chaw rau microbial txuas thiab tsim cov biofilms txuas, yog li ua kom cov biomass zoo hauv lub cev thiab ua tiav cov pa phem tshem tawm. Cov txheej txheem MBBR muaj qhov zoo xws li kev kho mob siab, muaj zog tiv thaiv kev poob siab, kev kho mob ruaj khov, kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim. Ib qho zuj zus ntawm WWTPs hauv Suav teb tau txais cov txheej txheem MBBR rau kev kho dua tshiab. Daim ntawv no txheeb xyuas qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm Tianjin WWTP tom qab nws hloov kho dua tshiab, txhawm rau muab cov ntaub ntawv siv rau cov haujlwm txhim kho zoo sib xws.
1. Cov txheej txheem tshem tawm Biological Nitrogen thiab Phosphorus tam sim no
Thawj lub tank siv cov txheej txheem A² / O nrog kev kho mob ntawm 12,500 t / d. Tus tsim tag nrho cov sludge hnub nyoog yog 14 hnub, mix cawv suspended solids (MLSS) concentration yog 3,500 mg/L, tsim dej kub yog 10 degree, sludge tawm los yog 0.936 kgSS/kgBOD, thiab sludge loading yog 0.082 kgBOD/kgMLSS. Qhov dej tob tob ntawm lub tank lom yog 6 m, nrog rau tag nrho lub tank ntim ntawm 9,052.2 m³ thiab tag nrho hydraulic tuav lub sij hawm (HRT) ntawm 17.4 teev. Kev faib tawm HRT yog: zone 0.58 h, anaerobic zone 1.38 h, anoxic zone 2.85 h, viav vias zone 0.92 h, thiab aerobic zone 11.67 h. Sludge recycle yog 100%, thiab cov dej cawv sib xyaw ua ke yog 300%. Thawj lub tank lom neeg feem ntau muaj anaerobic-anoxic- ntu aerobic. Kev khiav hauj lwm tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov dej ntws tawm kom ua tiav cov nitrogen thiab phosphorus tshem tawm, nrog cov dej ntws zoo raws li Qib A tus qauv ntawm GB 18918-2002.
2. Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Kev Txhim Kho thiab Kev Txhim Kho Kev Txhim Kho
Qhov kev hloov kho no tau tsim los txhim kho cov dej ntws zoo kom ua tau raws li Chav Kawm A tus qauv ntawm Tianjin tus qauv hauv zos "Tshaj Tawm Tus Qauv ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob rau Lub Nroog Dej Kho Dej" (DB 12/599-2015). Cov tsim muaj peev xwm thiab effluent zoo yog qhia nyob rau hauvTable 1. Raws li tus qauv tsim muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj txiaj ntsig TN qhov tseem ceeb, kev ua tiav TN effluent qis dua 10 mg / L yuav tsum muaj tus nqi denitrification ntawm 75.6% hauv cov kab ke lom neeg. Thawj lub tank lom neeg siv A² / O teeb tsa. Kev xam raws li qhov kev teeb tsa lub tank qub tau qhia tias qhov sib piv sab hauv yuav tsum tau nce los ntawm qhov qub 200% mus rau 310%, nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntau ntxiv. Qhov no yuav tsis tsuas yog nce nqi khiav hauj lwm tab sis kuj, qhov ntim loj ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov chaw anoxic. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau HRT tiag tiag hauv thaj chaw anoxic tsawg dua qhov yuav tsum tau ua tsawg kawg nkaus, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm denitrification. Cov txheej txheem MBBR txhim kho cov txheej txheem denitrification muaj peev xwm thiab txhim kho cov dej ntws zoo los ntawm kev ntxiv cov cab kuj raug tshem tawm kom nce biomass concentration nyob rau hauv lub tank, yog li ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Yog tsis hloov cov khoom siv roj ntsha uas twb muaj lawm, qhov chaw ua haujlwm sab hauv ntawm lub tank lom tau raug kho dua tshiab. Thawj A²/O configuration (anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic) tau hloov kho rau Bardenpho 6-stage configuration: anaerobic zone, anoxic zone, swing zone, aerobic zone, post-anoxic zone, and poster{{8}. Tshwj xeeb, thawj qhov chaw xaiv tau hloov mus rau thaj chaw anaerobic. Thawj anaerobic cheeb tsam, viav vias cheeb tsam (pem hauv ntej), thiab anoxic cheeb tsam tau siv tag nrho ua ntej-anoxic cheeb tsam. Lub pem hauv ntej ib nrab ntawm thawj txoj kev hauv tsev nyob rau hauv thawj aerobic cheeb tsam tau hloov mus rau ib qho chaw viav vias. Thawj thawj, thib ob, thiab thib peb aerobic corridors tau hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv MBBR cheeb tsam, qhov chaw thauj khoom raug tshem tawm ntxiv, nrog rau kev tshuaj xyuas qhov nkag / qhov hluav taws xob thiab lub hauv qab pab aeration system. Plaub txoj hauv kev aerobic tau hloov mus rau qhov chaw tshaj tawm -anoxic zone. Thawj qhov chaw viav vias tau muab faib ua haujlwm thiab hloov kho rau hauv qhov chaw tshaj tawm -anoxic thiab post-aerobic zones. Cov tsis muaj renovated biological tank yog qhia nyob rau hauvRooj 2.
Hais txog cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm, cov dej cawv sib xyaw ntawm thaj chaw aerobic yog rov ua dua mus rau thaj chaw anoxic, thiab cov pa roj carbon tau ntxiv rau hauv thaj chaw anoxic. Cov kab mob denitrifying siv cov pa roj carbon rau denitrification kom tshem tawm nitrate nitrogen uas tsim nyob rau hauv aerobic cheeb tsam. Residual nitrate nitrogen nkag mus rau qhov chaw tshaj tawm -anoxic cheeb tsam, qhov twg cov pa roj carbon monoxide ntxiv ntxiv kom ntxiv denitrification. Tom qab kev kho dua tshiab, cov dej cawv sib xyaw ua ke (MLSS) concentration yog 4,000 mg / L, sludge recycle yog 50% - 100%, cov cawv sib xyaw ua ke yog 200% -250%, thiab cov pa oxygen hauv thaj tsam MBBR yog 2-5 mg / L. Cov txheej txheem khiav dej num tom qab kho dua tshiab tau pom hauvDaim duab 1.
3. System Commissioning Tom Qab Kev Kho Lub Tank Kev Kho Mob
Tom qab kev txhim kho lub tank lom neeg ua tiav, theem commissioning pib. Dewatered sludge los ntawm lwm lub WWTP tau ntxiv rau hauv lub tank lom, ua kom cov sludge concentration mus rau saum toj 3,000 mg / L hauv ib lub sijhawm luv luv. Qhov no shortened lub sludge cultivation thiab acclimation lub sij hawm, enabling ceev startup ntawm cov roj ntsha tank thiab rov qab los ntawm nws cov nitrogen thiab phosphorus tshem tawm muaj peev xwm. Thaum lub sijhawm sim ua haujlwm, vim muaj kev cuam tshuam tsawg thiab muaj kuab paug, qhov tseeb ua haujlwm tau qis dua qhov tsim qauv. Txoj hauv kev yog thawj zaug cog qoob loo thiab ua kom cov activated sludge kom txog thaum cov kab mob lom neeg ruaj khov thiab cov dej ntws zoo raws li cov qauv, tom qab ntawd ntxiv MBBR cov cab kuj rau kev tsim biofilm.
Tom qab cov neeg nqa khoom tau ntxiv rau hauv ntu aerobic ntawm lub tank lom, lawv tau xub raus. Microorganisms maj mam txuas mus rau lawv qhov chaw. Visually, cov xim ntawm cov cab kuj tau hloov los ntawm cov dawb mus rau lub ntiaj teb faint daj raws li ntau cov kab mob uas txuas nrog thiab cov biofilm ua denser. Cov xim cab kuj maj mam tob zuj zus. Ob lub hlis tom qab cov cab kuj ntxiv, biofilm tsim tau zoo, nrog rau cov khoom thauj khoom ntog tshwm daj -xim av thiab xim maj mam zuj zus. Plaub lub hlis tom qab cov cab kuj ntxiv, cov biofilm ntawm cov cab kuj tau tshwm sim xim av thiab ntom. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm biofilm tuaj yeem ua rau pom tseeb raws li kev hloov pauv hauv cov xim, raws li qhia hauvDaim duab 2. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2021, kev tshuaj xyuas microscopic ntawm cov activated sludge los ntawm lub tank lom thiab cov sludge los ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom tau nthuav tawm cov qauv floc nrog cov adsorption zoo thiab kev daws teeb meem. Visually, cov neeg nqa khoom pom pom tseeb biofilm tsim. Kev tshuaj xyuas microscopic txheeb xyuas cov kab mob xws li Vorticella, Opercularia, thiab Epistylis, nrog rau qee lub sijhawm pom ntawm ob peb lub xov tooj ntawm tes, qhia txog kev ua tiav ntawm theem biofilm tsim.
4. Kev Ua Haujlwm Kev Ua Haujlwm Tom Qab Kev Txhim Kho Lub Tank Biological
4.1 Kev tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm rau COD thiab BOD Tom qab kho dua tshiab
COD thiab BOD cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau xyoo 2022 tau qhia hauvDaim duab 3. Effluent COD nyob ntawm 10.2 txog 24.9 mg / L, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 18.0 mg / L. Effluent BOD nyob ntawm 2.1 txog 4.9 mg / L, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 3.4 mg / L. Ob qho COD thiab BOD ruaj khov ua tau raws li Tianjin hauv Chav Kawm A tus qauv. Cov txheej txheem kho dua tshiab tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom pom kev tshem tawm zoo rau COD thiab BOD tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev ruaj khov thiab ua raws li cov dej ntws ntawm COD thiab BOD theem thaum lub caij dej nyab, txawm tias cov nroj tsuag qhov cuam tshuam tiag tiag txog 110% ntawm nws lub peev xwm tsim. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias lub kaw lus muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau kev poob siab.
4.2 Kev Tshem Tawm Kev Ua Haujlwm rau TN thiab NH₃-N Tom qab Kev Kho Kho Tshiab
Cov dej ntws tawm TN thiab NH₃-N tus nqi rau 2022 tau qhia hauvDaim duab 4. TN nyob ntawm 3.72 txog 8.74 mg / L, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm 6.43 mg / L. NH₃-N nyob ntawm 0.02 txog 1.25 mg/L, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm 0.12 mg/L. Thaum lub caij ntuj no ua haujlwm, vim qhov kub qis, nitrification thiab denitrification tus nqi txo. Hauv kev xyaum, cov sludge concentration tau nce siab tshaj 6,000 mg / L. Kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm cov sludge concentration yog qhov zoo rau kev txhim kho cov kab mob lom neeg tiv thaiv kev poob siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qhov kub thiab txias. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov sludge siab concentration thiab biofilm txuas nrog MBBR cov cab kuj txhim kho cov kab mob lom neeg txoj kev kho mob.
MBBR cov neeg nqa khoom muab qhov chaw zoo rau cov zej zog microbial, txhawb lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Tom qab acclimation thiab maturation, lub peev xwm nitrification thiab denitrification ntawm biofilm ntxiv dag zog. Microorganisms attach and grow layered on the carrier surface, increasing the density of zoogloea and forming large, dense, and rapidly stable sludge structures. Thaum ntsib kev hloov pauv ntawm cov dej tsis zoo, cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev tso tawm cov tshuaj polymeric extracellular (EPS) rau tus kheej - kev tiv thaiv, yog li txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev hloov pauv dej sai sai ntawm cov kab mob sab hauv - cov kab mob.
Hauv WWTPs siv cov txheej txheem MBBR, ib txhij nitrification thiab denitrification (SND) tshwm sim nyob rau hauv aerobic carrier zone. Kev ntsuam xyuas TN qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov muaj zog thiab cov dej ntws tawm los ntawm thaj chaw aerobic carrier qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm 2-6 mg / L. Qhov sib txawv no tau tshaj tawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov pa oxygen yaj hauv lub tank aerobic tau tswj qis dua 2 mg / L, qhia tias SND tseem ceeb dua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj oxygen. Lub TN effluent los ntawm qhov thib ob sedimentation tank tau ua tiav cov qauv, lub ntsiab lus TN tshem tawm tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv theem kev kho mob lom. Hauv kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag, qhov denitrifying sib sib zog nqus- lub txaj lim ua haujlwm raws li txheej txheem tiv thaiv. Raws li ib txwm muaj, nws ua haujlwm raws li cov lim dej tsis tu ncua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntsuas SS ua tau raws li cov qauv.
4.3 Kev tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm rau TP thiab SS Tom qab kho dua tshiab
Cov txiaj ntsig TP thiab SS effluent rau 2022 tau qhia hauvDaim duab 5. WWTP's effluent TP nyob ntawm 0.04 txog 0.22 mg / L, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 0.10 mg / L. Cov kua dej SS nyob ntawm 1 txog 4 mg / L, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 2.2 mg / L. Tom qab kev txhim kho, qhov thib ob sedimentation tank effluent TP nyob ib ncig ntawm 1.0 mg / L thiab SS nyob ib ncig ntawm 26 mg / L. Los ntawm kev ntxiv ferric chloride thiab PAM nyob rau hauv siab -efficiency sedimentation tank los txhim kho coagulation thiab los ntawm ntxiv purification nyob rau hauv lub denitrifying sib sib zog nqus- txaj lim, cov effluent TP thiab SS stably tau raws li lub Tianjin lub zos Class A tus qauv, thiab cov xim tus nqi kuj txo.
5. Cov lus xaus
Txhawm rau ua tau raws li Tianjin hauv Chav Kawm A tus qauv, thawj A² / O txheej txheem ntawm WWTP tau hloov pauv mus rau Bardenpho tsib- theem teeb tsa, suav nrog cov txheej txheem MBBR hauv ntu aerobic txhawm rau txhim kho kev tshem tawm cov roj ntsha nitrogen, txo cov dej tawm TN thiab NH₃-N. Thaum lub caij dej nyab nrog cov dej ntws ntau dhau, txhua qhov ntsuas tau ruaj khov raws li cov qauv, ua kom pom qhov cuam tshuam zoo. Tom qab kev kho lub tank lom, qhov sib piv sab hauv yog 200% - 300%, sab nraud sludge recycle yog 50% -100%, sludge concentration yog 4,000-6,000 mg / L, yaj oxygen hauv thaj chaw aerobic tau tswj ntawm 3-5 mg / L, thiab cov pa oxygen hauv zoned 2-5 mg / L. Xyoo 2022, WWTP cov dej ntws zoo yog: COD 10.2–24.9 mg/L, nruab nrab 18.0 mg/L; BOD 2.1–4.9 mg/L, nruab nrab 3.4 mg/L; NH₃-N 0.02–1.25 mg/L, nruab nrab 0.12 mg/L; TN 3.72–8.74 mg/L, nruab nrab 6.43 mg/L; TP 0.04–0.22 mg/L, nruab nrab 0.1 mg/L; SS 1-4 mg / L, nruab nrab 2.2 mg / L. Txhua qhov ruaj khov ua tau raws li Chav Kawm A tus qauv ntawm Tianjin tus qauv hauv zos "Tshaj Tawm Tus Txheej Txheem ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob rau Kev Kho Dej Hauv Nroog" (DB 12/599-2015).